Prepregnancy Protein Source and BCAA Intake Are Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the CARDIA Study
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: Diet quality and protein source are associated with type 2 diabetes, however relationships with GDM are less clear. This study aimed to determine whether prepregnancy diet quality and protein source are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Participants were 1314 Black and White women without diabetes, who had at least one birth during 25 years of follow-up in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study. The CARDIA A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS) was assessed in the overall cohort at enrollment and again at Year 7. Protein source and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) intake were assessed only at the Year 7 exam (n = 565). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between prepregnancy dietary factors and GDM. Women who developed GDM (n = 161) were more likely to have prepregnancy obesity and a family history of diabetes (p < 0.05). GDM was not associated with prepregnancy diet quality at enrollment (Year 0) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99, 1.02) or Year 7 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.94, 1.00) in an adjusted model. Conversely, BCAA intake (OR:1.59, 95% CI 1.03, 2.43) and animal protein intake (OR: 1.06, 95% CI 1.02, 1.10) as a proportion of total protein intake, were associated with increased odds of GDM, while proportion of plant protein was associated with decreased odds of GDM (OR: 0.95, 95% CI 0.91, 0.99). In conclusion, GDM is strongly associated with source of prepregnancy dietary protein intake but not APDQS in the CARDIA study.
Institutions: University of California, San Francisco, Kennesaw State University, Texas Tech University, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, University of Iowa, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of Minnesota, Kaiser Permanente, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Northern California
Language: English
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,618
Awards: Lactation and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in CARDIA Women, G128745896, G1359416556, G1510773116, G1670764805, G1844203612, G1886881331, G190379715, G19438214, G2168236136, G2626692754, G3020083386, G3064501752, G3167347955, G3248120388, G3541419165, G382051466, G3901643820, G394051101, G429397448, G4326811704, G434728927, G5030101691, G5185723337, G5241320476, G5315814723, G5389010369, G5450057682, G6182174406, G6250031983, G6530604611, G666720426, G739565590, G7588346739, G768957969, G8073336647, G814392139, G836417160, G84345693, G8670588822, G8907716049
OpenAlex ID: W4307942334