Immune Imprinting Drives Human Norovirus Potential for Global Spread
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: In our model, preepidemic human norovirus variants harbor genetic diversification that translates into novel antigenic features without compromising viral fitness. Through surveillance, we identified two viruses fitting this profile, forming long branches on a phylogenetic tree. Neither evades current adult immunity, yet young children are likely susceptible. By comparing serological responses, we demonstrate that population immunity varies by age/exposure, impacting predicted susceptibility to variants. Repeat exposure to antigenically similar variants broadens antibody responses, providing immunological coverage of diverse variants but compromising response to the infecting variant, allowing continued circulation. These data indicate norovirus GII.4 variant replacement is driven distally by virus evolution and proximally by immunity in adults.
Source: mBio
Authors: Lisa C. Lindesmith, Florencia A. T. Boshier, Paul D. Brewer-Jensen, Sunando Roy, Veronica Costantini, Michael L. Mallory, Mark Zweigart, Samantha R. May, Helen Conrad, Kathleen M. O’Reilly, Daniel Kelly, Cristina C. Celma, Stuart Beard, Rachel Williams, Helena J. Tutill, Sylvia Becker Dreps, Filemón Bucardo, David J. Allen, Jan Vinjé, Richard A. Goldstein, Judith Breuer, Ralph S. Baric
Institutions: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University College London, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK Health Security Agency, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua-León, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,900
Awards: Why do Norovirus pandemics occur and how can we control them?, Antibody Landscape following Human Norovirus Infection and Vaccination, Natural history, immunity, and transmission patterns of sapovirus in a Nicaraguan birth cohort, Why do Norovirus pandemics occur and how can we control them?
OpenAlex ID: W4295760342