Multiple Infection and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Superinfection Among Persons who Inject Drugs in Indonesia and Ukraine
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 074 study evaluated an integrated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment and prevention strategy among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in Indonesia, Ukraine, and Vietnam. We previously detected multiple HIV infection in 3 of 7 (43%) of seroconverters with 3-8 HIV strains per person. In this report, we analyzed multiple HIV infection and HIV superinfection (SI) in the HPTN 074 cohort. METHODS: We analyzed samples from 70 participants in Indonesia and Ukraine who had viral load >400 copies/mL at enrollment and the final study visit (median follow-up, 2.5 years). HIV was characterized with Sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Additional methods were used to characterize a rare case of triple-variant SI. RESULTS: At enrollment, multiple infection was detected in only 3 of 58 (5.2%) participants with env sequence data. SI was detected in only 1 of 70 participants over 172.3 person-years of follow-up (SI incidence, 0.58/100 person-years [95% confidence interval, .015-3.2]). The SI case involved acquisition of 3 HIV strains with rapid selection of a strain with a single pol region cluster. CONCLUSIONS: These data from a large cohort of PWID suggest that intrahost viral selection and other factors may lead to underestimation of the frequency of multiple HIV infection and SI events.
Authors: Philip J Palumbo, Wendy Grant-McAuley, Mary Kate Grabowski, Yinfeng Zhang, Paul Richardson, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Deeksha Sharma, William Clarke, Oliver Laeyendecker, Scott Rose, Tran V Ha, Kostyantyn Dumchev, Zubairi Djoerban, Andrew Redd, Brett Hanscom, Irving Hoffman, William C Miller, Susan H Eshleman
Institutions: Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Medicine, UPMC Presbyterian, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Family Health International 360, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Ukrainian Institute of Public Health Policy, University of Indonesia, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, The Ohio State University
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH Office of the Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
OpenAlex ID: W4308528203