Experimental Studies of Graphene-Coated Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: The two main technical limitations of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are the slow kinetic reactions of the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in the anode and the crossing over of unreacted methanol through the proton exchange membrane (PEM). It is a common practice to use Nafion membranes as PEMs, which have high ion exchange capacity. However, Nafion-based membranes also have high fuel permeability, decreasing fuel utilization, and reducing the potential power density. This article focuses on using graphene-coated (Gr-coated) PEMs to reduce fuel crossover. Protons can permeate across graphene, and thus, it can be employed in various devices as a proton conductive membrane. Here, we report the efficiency of Gr-coated Nafions. We tested performance and crossover at three different temperatures with four different fuel concentrations and compared it to a Nafion PEM that underwent the same test conditions. We found that the adhesion of Gr on to PEMs is insufficient for prolonging fuel cell operation, resulting in Gr delamination at high temperatures and higher fuel crossover values compared to lower temperature testing. The results for 7.5M methanol fuel show a reduction of up to 25% in methanol crossover, translating to a peak power density that increases from 3.9 to 9.5 mW/cm2 when using a Gr-coated PEM compared to a Nafion PEM at 30 °C.
DOI: 10.1115/1.4056269
Authors: Nathan Metzger, Ivan Vlassiouk, Sergei Smirnov, Gabriel Mariscal, Ryan Spragg, Xianglin Li
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G5392476701, G8984817131
OpenAlex ID: W4309619379