Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: Time-reversal symmetry breaking and entropy production are universal features of nonequilibrium phenomena. Despite its importance in the physics of active and living systems, the entropy production of systems with many degrees of freedom has remained of little practical significance because the high dimensionality of their state space makes it difficult to measure. Here we introduce a local measure of entropy production and a numerical protocol to estimate it. We establish a connection between the entropy production and extractability of work in a given region of the system and show how this quantity depends crucially on the degrees of freedom being tracked. We validate our approach in theory, simulation, and experiments by considering systems of active Brownian particles undergoing motility-induced phase separation, as well as active Brownian particles and E.coli in a rectifying device in which the time-reversal asymmetry of the particle dynamics couples to spatial asymmetry to reveal its effects on a macroscopic scale.
Source: Physical Review Letters
Language: English
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, Simons Foundation, National Research Foundation, United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation, National Research Foundation of Korea, Israel Science Foundation, Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Harvard University, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Division of Materials Research
Awards: G1472743852, EAGER: Quantifying the error landscape of deep neural networks, Population Variability and Distributions from Absorbing State Dynamics, G2199371856, PFC: Center for the Physics of Biological Function, G3755692836, SBIR Phase I: A smart wearable platform for remote respiratory monitoring: building better technologies for telemedicine in the age of COVID-19, ENERGY-EFFICIENT SELF-ORGANIZATION AND SWARM BEHAVIOR IN ACTIVE MATTER, Data CI Pilot: CI-Based Collaborative Development of Data-Driven Interatomic Potentials for Predictive Molecular Simulations, G6155469212, NYU Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, G777564529, G821361635
OpenAlex ID: W4309758015