Second symptomatic COVID-19 infections in patients with an underlying monoclonal gammopathy

Year: 2022

Type: article

Abstract: Patients with hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM), light chain (AL) amyloidosis, smoldering MM (SMM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), have disproportionately high rates of COVID-19 infection and associated mortality [ 1 , 2 ]. Immune paresis is a common feature in dysproteinemias and has been demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for severity of COVID-19 infection in patients with MGUS [ 3 ]. In a matched control study of patients with MM and MGUS compared with healthy controls, the risk of breakthrough infections after completion of vaccination was around 3% [ 4 ]. Ongoing myeloma-directed treatment further induces immune suppression increasing the risk for severe COVID-19 infections [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. While inferior immune response to COVID-19 vaccination have been described in patients with monoclonal gammopathies [ 8 ], information on the rate and severity of COVID-19 infections in patients who do demonstrate immunogenicity post infection or vaccination is limited. Additionally, rates and clinical course of second symptomatic COVID-19 infections in patients with monoclonal gammopathy in relation to prior antibody testing has been previously described.

Source: Blood Cancer Journal

DOI: 10.1038/s41408-022-00752-z

Institutions: Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic in Florida, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center (Florida), Mayo Clinic in Arizona

Language: English

Topic: Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments

Subfield: Hematology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $4,590

Funder: National Cancer Institute

Award: G1016754749

OpenAlex ID: W4309899864