Childhood trauma moderates schizotypy-related brain morphology: analyses of 1182 healthy individuals from the ENIGMA schizotypy working group
Year: 2023
Type: review
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Schizotypy represents an index of psychosis-proneness in the general population, often associated with childhood trauma exposure. Both schizotypy and childhood trauma are linked to structural brain alterations, and it is possible that trauma exposure moderates the extent of brain morphological differences associated with schizotypy. METHODS: We addressed this question using data from a total of 1182 healthy adults (age range: 18-65 years old, 647 females/535 males), pooled from nine sites worldwide, contributing to the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Schizotypy working group. All participants completed both the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief version (SPQ-B), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and underwent a 3D T1-weighted brain MRI scan from which regional indices of subcortical gray matter volume and cortical thickness were determined. RESULTS: A series of multiple linear regressions revealed that differences in cortical thickness in four regions-of-interest were significantly associated with interactions between schizotypy and trauma; subsequent moderation analyses indicated that increasing levels of schizotypy were associated with thicker left caudal anterior cingulate gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus and insula, and thinner left caudal middle frontal gyrus, in people exposed to higher (but not low or average) levels of childhood trauma. This was found in the context of morphological changes directly associated with increasing levels of schizotypy or increasing levels of childhood trauma exposure. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that alterations in brain regions critical for higher cognitive and integrative processes that are associated with schizotypy may be enhanced in individuals exposed to high levels of trauma.
Source: Psychological Medicine
Authors: Yann Quidé, Oliver J. Watkeys, Emiliana Tonini, Dominik Grotegerd, Udo Dannlowski, Igor Nenadić, Tilo Kircher, Axel Krug, Tim Hahn, Susanne Meinert, Janik Goltermann, Marius Gruber, Frederike Stein, Katharina Brosch, Adrian Wroblewski, Florian Thomas-Odenthal, Paula Usemann, Benjamin Straube, Nina Alexander, Elisabeth J. Leehr, Jochen Bauer, Nils R. Winter, Lukas Fisch, Katharina Dohm, Wulf Rössler, Lukasz Smigielski, Pamela DeRosse, Ashley Moyett, Josselin Houenou, Marion Leboyer, James Gilleen, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Paul M. Thompson, André Aleman, Gemma Modinos, Melissa J. Green
Institutions: UNSW Sydney, Neuroscience Research Australia, University of Münster, Philipps University of Marburg, University Hospital Bonn, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, University Hospital Münster, Universidade de São Paulo, University of Zurich, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Stony Brook University, Northwell Health, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Inserm, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Fondation FondaMental, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, CEA Paris-Saclay, University of Manchester, University of Roehampton, University of Southern California, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, King's College London, MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,255
Funders: Biogen, National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, Wellcome Trust, Neuroscience Research Australia, Australian Government, British Academy, Macquarie University, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, University of New South Wales, Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australian Research Council, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, National Institutes of Health, Medical Research Council, National Health and Medical Research Council, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
Awards: G1021672494, G1116979012, G1237346504, G1255536505, Laboratoire de Psychiatrie Biologique, G1677387308, G179444772, G1897678970, G2173338208, Stress and GABA in the pathogenesis of psychosis, G235093469, G238323396, G2765710678, G2831939486, G3934624715, G4280434479, G4488957016, G4588023527, ENIGMA Center for Worldwide Medicine, Imaging & Genomics, G6335375501, G6488228673, G648958512, G65769418, G6733821374, Shared genes and cognition in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, Epigenetic mechanisms of brain dysfunction in psychotic and mood disorders, G7578079922, G7678515310, G8819810260, G9000210308, G961545024
OpenAlex ID: W4387798836