Short-term effects of exposure to ultrafine particles and black carbon on cause-specific morbidities in older adults in New York State
Year: 2022
Type: conference-abstract
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to have adverse health effects, but less is known about the effects of ultrafine particles (UFP, <100 nm) and black carbon (BC). We examined the associations of short-term exposure to UFP, BC, and PM2.5 with cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, depression, and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) among adults aged 65 years and older. METHODS: We performed a time-stratified case-crossover analysis among Medicare enrollees in New York State (NYS) from 2012 to 2018. Daily air pollution data were obtained from the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation. Cases were limited to those residing in a zip-code within a 30 km-buffer around each monitor site. The control days were chosen bi-directionally and matched on the same day of the week in the same month and year as the case day. We used conditional logistic regression to quantify the associations, adjusting for daily maximum temperature. Effect modification by age, sex, race, and Medicaid eligibility was examined. RESULTS: Each interquartile range (IQR) increase in UFP exposure was associated with increased odds of overall CVD (OR=1.031, 95% CI: 1.021-1.041), stroke (OR=1.042, 95% CI: 1.026-1.057), ischemic heart disease (IHD, OR=1.034, 95% CI: 1.024-1.045), asthma (OR=1.044, 95% CI: 1.026-1.062), depression (OR=1.037, 95% CI: 1.026-1.048), and ADRD (OR=1.040, 95% CI: 1.027-1.053), but not with COPD. We observed positive associations for BC exposure per IQR change with stroke (OR=1.024, 95% CI: 1.006-1.043), IHD (OR=1.014, 95% CI: 1.001-1.027), and depression (OR=1.014, 95% CI: 1.001-1.028). The associations were stronger among individuals aged 65-75, males, and Non-Whites. No associations for PM2.5 exposure were found. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings contribute to emerging evidence for positive associations of short-term exposure to UFP and BC with adverse health outcomes among older adults. KEYWORDS: Black carbon; Ultrafine particles; Short-term exposure; Case-crossover design
Source: ISEE Conference Abstracts
Language: English
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4317182220