Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: What are the magic spot and bacterial stringent response?All organisms are constantly exposed to varying levels of nutrients and environmental stresses.This is especially true for unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, which are exposed to perpetual changes of outside environments.Therefore, it is critical to have mechanisms to sense, adapt, and cope with various nutrient deprivations and metabolic stresses.In bacteria, one of the major stress adaptive responses is the "stringent response" [1] that enables bacteria to transition into a semi-dormant state characterized by proliferation arrest, stress survival, and metabolic/transcriptome reprogramming.The stringent response is triggered by the alarmone (p)ppGpp, also termed the magic spot which dramatically increases it level under stresses and binds to various protein targets to mediate the stringent response [1].The (p)ppGpp level is regulated by the balance of its synthesis and degradation (hydrolysis) by the proteins in the RelA/SpoT homologues (RSHs) superfamily [2].The best-characterized RSH proteins are the multi-domain long RHS proteins involved in the (p)ppGpp synthesis (RelA) and hydrolysis (SpoT).In addition, there are also single-domain RSH proteins known as small alarmone synthetases (SASs) or small alarmone hydrolases (SAHs) mediating the synthesis and hydrolysis of alarmones, respectively [3].Interestingly, SAHs have been classified into multiple subgroups including the Mesh1 and Mesh1-L subfamilies [2].However, the physiological function of these short RSH proteins is still not completely understood.
Source: PLoS Pathogens
Authors: Jen-Tsan Chi, Pei Zhou
Institutions: Duke University, Duke Medical Center
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,655
Awards: THERAPEUTIC TARGETING OF MESH1 IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA, TRIGGERING HUMAN ANTITUMOR STRINGENT RESPONSE TO TARGET RECURRENT OVARIAN CANCER, G2040153736, G2800195642, Development of MESH1 inhibitors to treat ferroptosis-associated neurodegeneration, The regulation dephosphorylated-CoA-capped RNA and innate immunity by MESH1, HUMAN STRINGENT RESPONSE AS NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR BREAST CANCERS, G4095814686, G4119534169, G5037237792, G5850682332, G7448966117, Biochemical and functional investigation of the novel enzymatic activities of MESH1
OpenAlex ID: W4318934068