Work

Donkey trade: Challenges to sustaining mutualism in rural Pakistan

Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: The Pakistani government's decision to export thousands of donkeys to China to manufacture Chinese traditional medicine ( ejiao ) threatens the interdependence between donkeys and their keepers. This article seeks to unravel the mutualism between humans and donkeys in rural South Punjab and examines how forces of globalism and capitalism commodify the equine through parasitic disregard.
Language: English
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,140
OpenAlex ID: W4321020150
FWCI: 3.1
Cites: 6
Cited by: 3
Related to: 10