The Effect of Self-Reported Visual Impairment and Sleep on Cognitive Decline: Results of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Year: 2023
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Visual impairment could worsen sleep/wake disorders and cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE: To examine interrelations among self-reported visual impairment, sleep, and cognitive decline in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Miami-site. METHOD: HCHS/SOL Miami-site participants ages 45-74 years (n = 665) at Visit-1, who returned for cognitive test 7-years later (SOL-INCA). Participants completed the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ), validated sleep questionnaires and test for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) at Visit-1. We obtained verbal episodic learning and memory, verbal fluency, processing speed, and executive functioning at Visit-1 and at SOL-INCA. Processing speed/executive functioning were added to SOL-INCA. We examined global cognition and change using a regression-based reliable change index, adjusting for the time lapse between Visit-1 and SOL-INCA. We used regression models to test whether 1) persons with OSA, self-reported sleep duration, insomnia, and sleepiness have an increased risk for visual impairment, 2a) visual impairment is associated with worse cognitive function and/or decline, and 2b) sleep disorders attenuate these associations. RESULT: Sleepiness (β= 0.04; p < 0.01) and insomnia (β= 0.04; p < 0.001) were cross-sectionally associated with visual impairment, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral factors, acculturation, and health conditions. Visual impairment was associated with lower global cognitive function at Visit-1 (β= -0.16; p < 0.001) and on average 7-years later (β= -0.18; p < 0.001). Visual impairment was also associated with a change in verbal fluency (β= -0.17; p < 0.01). OSA, self-reported sleep duration, insomnia, and sleepiness did not attenuate any of the associations. CONCLUSION: Self-reported visual impairment was independently associated with worse cognitive function and decline.
Source: Journal of Alzheimer s Disease
DOI: 10.3233/jad-221073
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Office of Dietary Supplements, University of Miami, San Diego State University, National Institutes of Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Gillings School of Public Health, National Institute on Aging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
Awards: G1081972346, G1312369436, Hispanic Community Health Study, G1455175283, Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA), MRI Measures of Cerebrovascular Injury and AD Atrophy in a Study of Latinos, G2466919156, HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY - FIELD CENTER, G2644289446, Using Genetic and Blood Metabolites to Understand the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in Latinos, Phenotypic and Molecular Signatures for Sleep Apnea and Related Morbidities, Hispanic Community Health Study, G3722034730, Hispanic Community Health Study, HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY - COORDINATING CENTER, Neurocognitive aging, MCI and Alzheimer's disease DNA methylation among diverse Latinos, Leveraging Correlated Traits to Identify Genetic Associations with Sleep Disordered Breathing, Exploring Sleep in Neurocognitive Aging and Alzheimer's Research (eSANAR), UCSD Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center P30, Leveraging omics data to understand sleep health and its consequences among diverse Hispanics/Latinos, Dissecting heterogeneity of excessive daytime sleepiness and impact on cardiovascular diseases, San Diego Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research (San Diego AD-RCMAR), Sleep in Neurocognitive Aging and Alzheimers Research (SANAR)
OpenAlex ID: W4323040684