Emotional health and its association with neurocognition in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White people with HIV
Year: 2023
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Objective: Emotional functioning is linked to HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment, yet research on this association among diverse people with HIV (PWH) is scant. We examined emotional health and its association with neurocognition in Hispanic and White PWH. Methods: Participants included 107 Hispanic (41% primarily Spanish-speakers; 80% Mexican heritage/origin) and 216 White PWH (Overall age: M = 53.62, SD = 12.19; 86% male; 63% AIDS; 92% on antiretroviral therapy). Emotional health was assessed via the National Institute of Health Toolbox (NIHTB)-Emotion Battery, which yields T-scores for three factor-based summary scores (negative affect, social satisfaction, and psychological well-being) and 13 individual component scales. Neurocognition was measured via demographically adjusted fluid cognition T-scores from the NIHTB-cognition battery. Results: 27%–39% of the sample had problematic socioemotional summary scores. Hispanic PWH showed less loneliness, better social satisfaction, higher meaning and purpose, and better psychological well-being than Whites (ps <.05). Within Hispanics, Spanish-speakers showed better meaning and purpose, higher psychological well-being summary score, less anger hostility, but greater fear affect than English speakers. Only in Whites, worse negative affect (fear affect, perceived stress, and sadness) was associated with worse neurocognition (p <.05); and in both groups, worse social satisfaction (emotional support, friendship, and perceived rejection) was linked with worse neurocognition (p <.05). Conclusion: Adverse emotional health is common among PWH, with subgroups of Hispanics showing relative strengths in some domains. Aspects of emotional health differentially relate to neurocogntition among PWH and cross-culturally. Understanding these varying associations is an important step towards the development of culturally relevant interventions that promote neurocognitive health among Hispanic PWH.
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Institutes of Health, University of California, San Diego, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
Awards: G1860084971, G1867558257, G2332437274, G2673778631, Risk and mechanisms of neurocognitive impairment in older HIV-infected Hispanics, G2699119960, G3716244934, NEUROAIDS: EFFECTS OF METHAMPHETAMINE AND HCV, G5545397803, G5641659859, G5667834699, G636438177, G645235059, G7110194617, Mechanisms of Disparities in Adverse Neurocognitive Outcomes among Hispanics Aging with HIV, G9000109825, G9000185652, Training in Research on Addictions in Interdisciplinary NeuroAIDS (TRAIN), UCSD Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center P30, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, Research Fellowship for Equity in Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Health, Fellowship in Geriatric Mental Health
OpenAlex ID: W4366463746