Depression, physical activity, and incident cardiovascular disease among American Indians: The strong heart family study
Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: Background: Little is known about the relationship of depression with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among American Indians (AIs), a population with a high burden of depressive symptoms and CVD. In this study, we examined the association of depressive symptoms with CVD risk among AIs and assessed whether an objective marker of ambulatory activity influenced the relationship. Methods: The study comprised participants from the Strong Heart Family Study, a longitudinal study of CVD risk among AIs free of CVD at baseline (2001-2003) and who participated in a follow-up examination (n = 2209). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depressive symptoms and depressive affect. Ambulatory activity was measured using Accusplit AE120 pedometers. Incident CVD was defined as new myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, or stroke (through 2017). Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the association of depressive symptoms with incident CVD. Results: 27.5% of participants reported moderate or severe depressive symptoms at baseline and 262 participants developed CVD during follow-up. Compared to participants who reported no depressive symptoms, the odds ratios for developing CVD among those who reported mild, moderate, or severe symptoms were: 1.19 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.85), 1.61 (95% CI: 1.09, 2.37), and 1.71 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.91), respectively. Adjustment for activity did not alter findings. Limitations: CES-D is a tool used to identify individuals with depressive symptoms and not a measure of clinical depression. Conclusion: Higher levels of reported depressive symptoms were positively associated with CVD risk in a large cohort of AIs.
Language: English
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,000
Awards: Cardiovascular Disease in Sioux Indians, The Strong Heart Study, Phase V, CVD in American Indians Biomarker lab and Arizona Field Center, G2611541099, Strong Heart Family Study, Cardiovascular Evaluation for the SHS Phase V, CVD in American Indians Genetics Center, CVD in American Indians Study and Data Management Center and OK Field Center, CVD in American Indians: Imaging and Cardiovascular Center, CVD in American Indians The Dakota Field Center, G8388944883, G867024095, G8765877990, Cardiovascular Disease in Pima Indians
OpenAlex ID: W4366977639