Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: We study the energy extraction from and charging to a finite-dimensional quantum system by general quantum operations. We prove that the changes in energy induced by unital quantum operations are limited by the ergotropy and charging bounds for unitary quantum operations. This implies that, in order to break the ergotropy bound for unitary quantum operations, one needs to perform a quantum operation with feedback control. We also show that the ergotropy bound for unital quantum operations, applied to initial thermal equilibrium states, is tighter than the inequality representing the standard second law of thermodynamics without feedback control.
Source: Physical review. E
Authors: Kenta Koshihara, Kazuya Yuasa
Institution: Waseda University
Language: English
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4380052294