7. A Mechanically Tunable Protein Nanofiber-hydrogel Composite for Soft Tissue Restoration
Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: PURPOSE: Restoration of soft tissue losses is the sine qua non of plastic surgery, yet there are few off the shelf options that enable immediate volume restoration while encouraging natural soft tissue regeneration over time. Here we explore the ability of biodegradable, biocompatible nanofiber-hydrogel composites (NHCs) to produce vascularized soft tissue. METHODS: A NHC composed of a hyaluronic acid (HA) network crosslinked by collagen nanofibers was created with a wide range of tenability. Following biocompatibility and mechanical characterization, the NHC was injected into a rat subcutaneous model. Volume retention was assessed using caliper measurement of gross images and vascular endothelial cells (RECA-1+) infiltration area was analyzed using immunofluorescence. RESULTS: The NHC had comparable volume retention to two HA hydrogel controls of different stiffnesses. Increased cell infiltration was observed at POD 7 with ~17% of cell infiltration area compared with ~6% for the controls (p<0.01). Strikingly, over time these materials were remodeled with significant vascularized adipose tissue present in the previously implanted area. CONCLUSIONS: Our novel NHC functions as a soft tissue substitute by mimicking its mechanical properties and microarchitecture. The porous structure and the bio-stimulatory collagen fibers induce elevated host cell infiltration and vascularization. Additionally, improved adipose tissue formation was observed in vivo, indicating its excellent tissue remodeling ability without the incorporation of any cells or growth factors.
Institution: Johns Hopkins University
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,195
OpenAlex ID: W4384948562