Editorial: Interplay between oncomicrobes, the microbiota and the immune system: impact on responses to cancer immunotherapy
Year: 2023
Type: editorial
Abstract: Interplay between oncomicrobes, the microbiota and the immune system: impact on responses to cancer immunotherapyThe tumor microenvironment is comprised of a complex milieu of stromal, immune, and tumor cells, in addition, commensal and opportunistic microorganisms that may exert local and systemic effects impact the tumor microenvironment and may modulate cancer initiation, progression, and cancer therapy efficacy.These communities of microorganisms (microbiota) may promote carcinogenesis and inflammation, thus, many studies are now elucidating the role of the microbiome on oncogenesis, immune responses, and treatment efficacy in cancer patients.In this Research Topic "Interplay between Oncomicrobes, the Microbiota and the Immune System: Impact on Responses to Cancer Immunotherapy", different authors discuss how microorganisms are associated with oncogenesis, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy, and ICI-mediated colitis, and also provide insights into animal model systems that may be more appropriate to study these relationships.Only 12 microorganisms, including Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) and human papillomavirus (HPV), are considered human carcinogens.As Oster et al. discuss, H. pylori infection has been associated with poor response to immunotherapies and antitumoral immune responses.H. pylori may induce the generation of regulatory T cells and type 2 macrophages, known to impair CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses and thus, prevent tumor elimination.. Therefore, the identification of H. pylori in cancer patients may be a prognostic biomarker, and targeting H. pylori may improve the efficacy of ICI.Although H. pylori infection is associated with microbiota changes, these changes do not seem to play a major role in the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.In contrast, HPV infection in the Frontiers in Immunology frontiersin.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,295
OpenAlex ID: W4385953339