Year: 2023
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Obesity is associated with increased cancer risk. Because of the substantial and sustained weight loss following bariatric surgery, postsurgical patients are ideal to study the association of weight loss and cancer. METHODS: Retrospectively (1982-2019), 21,837 bariatric surgery patients (surgery, 1982-2018) were matched 1:1 by age, sex, and BMI with a nonsurgical comparison group. Procedures included gastric bypass, gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, and duodenal switch. Primary outcomes included cancer incidence and mortality, stratified by obesity- and non-obesity-related cancers, sex, cancer stage, and procedure. RESULTS: Bariatric surgery patients had a 25% lower risk of developing any cancers compared with a nonsurgical comparison group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.75; 95% CI 0.69-0.81; p < 0.001). Cancer incidence was lower among female (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.62-0.74; p < 0.001) but not male surgery patients, with the HR lower for females than for males (p < 0.001). Female surgery patients had a 41% lower risk for obesity-related cancers (i.e., breast, ovarian, uterine, and colon) compared with nonsurgical females (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.52-0.66; p < 0.001). Cancer mortality was significantly lower after surgery in females (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.44-0.64; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery was associated with lower all-cancer and obesity-related cancer incidence among female patients. Cancer mortality was significantly lower among females in the surgical group versus the nonsurgical group.
Source: Obesity
DOI: 10.1002/oby.23812
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Intermountain Research and Medical Foundation, Huntsman Cancer Foundation, Huntsman Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Johnson and Johnson, U.S. Public Health Service, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Center for Research Resources, Ethicon Endo-Surgery
Awards: G1789378998, G2404168171, G2589891583, G2995161194, G3192506782, G3351322984, UTAH CANCER REGISTRY PARTICIPATION IN STATE CANCER PREVENTION AND CONTROL PROGRAMS, G515607660, Effects of Gastric Bypass Surgery and Sustained Weight Loss on Fracture Risk, G579929683, G5848925640, G6220138500, G6384266951, G6643269133, G6983335380, General Clinical Research Center, G836137352, G9000202874, G9000311739, G993183548
OpenAlex ID: W4386046055