Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prospective evaluations of long COVID in outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are lacking. We aimed to determine the frequency and predictors of long COVID after treatment with the monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab in ACTIV-2/A5401. METHODS: Data were analyzed from participants who received bamlanivimab 700 mg in ACTIV-2 from October 2020 to February 2021. Long COVID was defined as the presence of self-assessed COVID symptoms at week 24. Self-assessed return to pre-COVID health was also examined. Associations were assessed by regression models. RESULTS: Among 506 participants, median age was 51 years. Half were female, 5% Black/African American, and 36% Hispanic/Latino. At 24 weeks, 18% reported long COVID and 15% had not returned to pre-COVID health. Smoking (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 2.41 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.34- 4.32]), female sex (aRR, 1.91 [95% CI, 1.28-2.85]), non-Hispanic ethnicity (aRR, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.19-3.13]), and presence of symptoms 22-28 days posttreatment (aRR, 2.70 [95% CI, 1.63-4.46]) were associated with long COVID, but nasal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA was not. CONCLUSIONS: Long COVID occurred despite early, effective monoclonal antibody therapy and was associated with smoking, female sex, and non-Hispanic ethnicity, but not viral burden. The strong association between symptoms 22-28 days after treatment and long COVID suggests that processes of long COVID start early and may need early intervention. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT04518410.
Authors: Teresa H Evering, Carlee B Moser, Nikolaus Jilg, Eunice Yeh, Busola Sanusi, David A Wohl, Eric S Daar, Jonathan Z Li, Paul Klekotka, Arzhang Cyrus Javan, Joseph J Eron, Judith S Currier, Michael D Hughes, Davey M Smith, Kara W Chew, for the ACTIV-2/A5401 Study Team, Lara Hosey, Jhoanna Roa, Nilam Patel, Robert Coombs, Alexander Greninger, Emily Degli-Angeli, Erin Goecker, Glenda Daza, Socorro Harb, Joan Dragavon, Grace Aldrovandi, William Murtaugh, Marlene Cooper, Howard Gutzman, Kevin Knowles, Rachel Bowman, Bill Erhardt, Lorraine Waring, Diane Hessinger, Stacey Adams, Asha R Kallianpur
Language: English
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4386304993