Recruitment of naive CD4+ T cells by the recombinant zoster vaccine correlates with persistent immunity
Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: Herpes zoster (HZ) is a substantial problem for people with decreased cell-mediated immunity, including older adults. The first vaccine approved for HZ prevention, the zoster vaccine live (ZVL), which provided limited and short-lived protection, has been supplanted by the superior recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV), which provides robust and durable protection. To understand the mechanisms underlying the differential immunologic characteristics of the 2 vaccines, we used T cell receptor β chain sequencing and peptide-MHC class II tetramer staining to analyze recombinant glycoprotein E-specific (gE-specific) CD4+ T cell clonotypes in RZV and ZVL recipients. Compared with ZVL, RZV expanded more gE-specific CD4+ clonotypes, with greater breadth and higher frequency of public clonotypes. RZV recruited a higher proportion of clonotypes from naive than from memory cells, while ZVL recruited equally from memory and naive compartments. Compared with memory-derived, naive-derived clonotypes were more likely to last 5 or more years after immunization. Moreover, the frequency of tetramer+ persistent clones correlated with the frequency of tetramer+ naive CD4+ prevaccination T cells. We conclude that the ability of RZV to recruit naive CD4+ T cells into the response may contribute to the durability of its effect. The abundance, breadth, and frequency of public clonotypes may further add to its protective effect.
DOI: 10.1172/jci172634
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $5,200
Awards: Tregs, Gut Microbiome and Immune Responses in HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Infants, HSV-2 specificity and phenotyping of tissue-based T cells in genital skin biopsies of HSV-2 reactivation, EFFECT OF NEONATAL BCG ADMINISTRATION ON INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSES TO INFECTION WITH ROTAVIRUS LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE STRAIN IN HIV-EXPOSED AND UNEXPOSED INFANTS, Cutaneous pathogen-specific tissue resident memory T cells in human aging, INFLUENZA-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY AND RESPONSES TO INACTIVATED INFLUENZA VACCINE IN INFANTS: EFFECT OF MATERNAL VACCINATION DURING PREGNANCY, DYNAMICS OF M. TUBERCULOSIS-SPECIFIC INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY DURING PREGNANCY AND POSTPARTUM IN WOMEN WITH HIV, Relationship between maternal and fetal immune responses, ImmunoMetabolomics of Zoster Vaccines, PERSISTENCE OF IMMUNE RESPONSES TO THE RECOMBINANT ZOSTER VACCINE IN IMMUNE COMPROMISED HOSTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE WITH AND WITHOUT KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
OpenAlex ID: W4387311809