Parental psychopathology and posttraumatic stress in Puerto Ricans: the role of childhood adversity and parenting practices
Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Parental psychopathology is associated with their children's posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, the mechanisms through which this occurs remain unclear. We hypothesized that exposure to childhood adversities is the mechanism linking parental psychopathology to child PTSS and that parenting practices moderated these associations. METHODS: Participants (N = 1,402) with an average age of 24.03 years old (SD = 2.20), were all Puerto Ricans (50% Male and 50% Female) from the Boricua Youth Study, which is a four-wave longitudinal study spanning almost 20 years, following individuals from childhood (ages 5-13 at Wave 1) to young adulthood. Measured variables include parental psychopathology at Wave 1, childhood adversities and parenting practices at Waves 2-3, and PTSS at Wave 4. A traditional mediation model estimated the association between parental psychopathology and child PTSS via childhood adversities. A moderated mediation model was used to examine whether parenting practices moderated this mediation model. RESULTS: Results showed that the total effect of parental psychopathology at Wave 1 on PTSS at Wave 4 was fully mediated by childhood adversities at Waves 2-3 (direct effect b = 1.72, 95% CI = [-0.09, 3.83]; indirect effect b = 0.40, 95% CI = [0.15, 0.81]). In addition, the magnitude of this pathway varied by levels of parenting practices (i.e. parental monitoring and parent-child relationship quality). Specifically, the indirect effect of additional adversities in the psychopathology-PTSS link was stronger with higher levels of parental monitoring but weaker with higher parent-child relationship quality scores. CONCLUSIONS: Intergenerational continuity of psychopathology may be mitigated through the prevention of additional childhood adversities via upstream interventions, emphasizing providing parents with mental health needs with parenting tools. Family-based interventions focused on providing families with the tools to improve parent-child relationships may reduce the negative impact of childhood adversities on mental health across the life course.
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13902
Authors: Jenny Zhen‐Duan, Kiara Alvarez, Lulu Zhang, Mario Cruz‐Gonzalez, Josephine Kuo, Irene Falgas‐Bagué, Hector Bird, Glorisa Canino, Cristiane S. Duarte, Margarita Alegría
Language: English
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Early Intervention for Suicide Risk among Immigrant Youth, Parental Criminal Justice Involvement & Substance Use among Puerto Rican Youth, ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIORS IN US AND ISLAND PUERTO RICAN YOUTH, Effects of Social Context, Culture and Minority Status on Depression and Anxiety, G5236812194, G6523801317, G6940888864, Substance Use/Abuse & HIV/STI Risk Behaviors in Puerto Rican Youth Growing Up, G7636493131, Adverse childhood experiences and alcohol misuse in Latino adolescents: testing biopsychosocial and cultural mechanisms.
OpenAlex ID: W4387729123