P125 Longitudinal study of the prevalence and the impact of obesity on clinical outcomes in patients referred to severe asthma centre
Year: 2023
Type: conference-abstract
Abstract: Background Obesity is a risk factor for the development of asthma and may contribute to its severity. Aim To explore obesity prevalence patterns (defined by BMI) and its effect on clinical outcomes in patient referred to our severe asthma centre over the last 10 years. Methods Data from the Birmingham Regional Severe Asthma Service (BRSAS) Registry were used to compare BMI kg/m2 category distributions (<18.5, 18.5–24.99; 25–29.99; 30–34.9; 35–39.9; ≥40 for low; normal; overweight; obese; severely obese; morbidly obese respectively) for patients first presentation to our service in the time intervals (2010–2014, 2014–2018, 2018–2021, coded as periods 1,2,3). The impact of obesity on asthma clinical outcome was also explored. Results The study cohort consisted of 1278 patients with difficult to treat asthma [400 (31.3%), 453 (35.4%), 425 (33.3%) seen in time intervals 1,2,3 respectively]; the cohort median BMI was 30.7 (IQR, 25.6–36.0). The distribution of BMI categories remained constant over the 3 time intervals with the obese group (BMI ≥30) comprised 52.6% of the total cohort (23.1% obese, 15.7% severely obese, 13.8% morbidly obese). Compared to the non-obese group, the obese group exhibited greater per annum median severe exacerbation frequency [6 (3,10) vs 4 (2,8), p=0.000038], were more likely to be on maintenance corticosteroid (40.5% vs 31.5%, p=0.001), had lower Euro-QoL health scale [50 (30,65) vs 60 (40,75), p<0.00001], lower FEV1 (1.98L (1.45,2.53) vs 2.15 (1.53,2.9), p=0.0004], lower blood eosinophils (0.25x109/L (0.11,0.46) vs 0.27 (0.12,0.55), p=0.06, lower FeNO [24ppb (13,50 vs 32ppb (14.3,66), p=0006], lower total serum IgE [111.5 (30,504) ng/L vs 182, p=0.004], with higher proportion of obese patients resided in the worst scale of multiple deprivation index than the non-obese patients (34.7% vs 23.5% (p=0.001)]. Conclusions The distribution of severe asthma patients with obesity remained high and consistent over a 10 years follow up period. Obese patients displayed worsened clinical outcomes and distinct clinical features prompting the need for the development of effective strategies to tackle obesity in severe asthma.
Authors: AH Mansur, B Almoosawi, J Hazlehurst, S Bellary, L White, J Sullivan, J Marsh, A Bahron, A Pillai
Institution: University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
Language: English
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W4388410609