Geographical classification of opium samples from Myanmar and Afghanistan by NMR profiling and chemometrics
Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: This study presents a new strategy to discriminate between opium samples obtained from different geographical regions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) profiling and chemometrics were applied to geographical classification of opium originating from Myanmar and Afghanistan, which are two major opium producing countries in the world. A total of 50 Myanmar and 46 Afghanistan authentic opium samples were analyzed by 1 H‐NMR, and the chemical profiles were characterized. Different sample preparation procedures, data processing methods, and chemometrics were compared to obtain the best classification effect. It was found that drying and the addition of buffer solutions were unnecessary for classification purposes; thus, the gum opium samples were extracted directly with CD 3 OD, which shortened sample preparation time. A full discrimination between the two geographical origins was achieved by 1 H‐NMR profiling and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. All 30 opium samples were classified correctly by the developed orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis model. Compared with traditional chromatography and mass spectrometry profiling methods, the 1 H‐NMR profiling method was faster (with instrument analysis time of less than 3 min) and reproducible. This study provides new insights into the applying of NMR profiling and chemometrics to rapid drug profiling analysis.
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis
DOI: 10.1002/dta.3613
Authors: Cui‐Mei Liu, Wei Jia, Xue‐Yan Liu, Yu Du, Zhen‐Dong Hua
Language: English
Subfield: Analytical Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Awards: G6305110477, G7730196168, G941949301
OpenAlex ID: W4388977171