Subjective Cognitive Decline and Cognitive Change among diverse Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the Study of Latinos – Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL‐INCA)
Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: Background The potential utility of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as an early risk marker of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias is under consideration, yet few studies have examined SCD among Hispanics/Latinos. In this study, we examined associations between SCD and cognitive change among diverse middle‐aged and older Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S. Furthermore, we examined SCD and cognitive change among cognitively healthy participants. Method Participants were recruited from a longitudinal multisite prospective cohort study of diverse Hispanics/Latinos enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and its ancillary study, the Study of Latinos‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL‐INCA). The mean age was 56.37 ± 8.10 years at Visit 1 (2008‐2011) and Visit 2 (n = 6,225; 2016‐2018) occurred 7‐years later, on average. SCD was measured with the short‐form Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog‐12) at Visit 2. Global SCD and executive function and memory subdomain SCD were generated by averaging the component items. Cognitive performance was measured at both visits and operationalized using standardized scores of learning, memory, verbal fluency, executive function, and global cognition. Cognitive change was assessed using regression‐based change models. We used survey generalized regressions to model the cognitive outcomes as a function of SCD. Cognitively healthy participants did not meet criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment. Result All ECog‐12 exposures were associated with global cognitive decline (ECog‐12 global: B = ‐0.17, SE = 0.02; ECog‐12 executive: B = ‐0.15, SE = 0.02; ECog‐12 memory: B = ‐0.14, SE = 0.02, p’s<0.001). Furthermore, higher global and memory‐related SCD was associated with memory decline among those that were cognitively healthy (ECog‐12 global: B = ‐0.06, SE = 0.02; ECog12 memory: B = ‐0.05, SE = 0.02, p’s<0.01). The associations were slightly attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for demographic and cardiovascular disease risk covariates. Conclusion The results from this study support that SCD may be an indicator of concurrent decline in cognition among diverse middle‐aged and older community dwelling Hispanics/Latinos. Furthermore, the utility of memory‐related SCD as a preclinical indicator of cognitive decline may warrant further investigation. This study highlights the importance of evaluating cognitive concerns among middle‐aged and older Hispanics/Latinos during routine healthcare visits.
Source: Alzheimer s & Dementia
DOI: 10.1002/alz.073339
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4390192616