Work

Energy-level inversion for vortex states in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: We investigate vortex states in Bose-Einstein condensates under the combined action of the spin-orbit coupling (SOC), gradient magnetic field, and harmonic-oscillator trapping potential. The linear version of the system is solved exactly. Through the linear-spectrum analysis, we find that by varying the SOC strength and magnetic-field gradient one can perform energy-level inversion. With suitable parameters, initial higher-order vortex states can be made the ground state (GS). The nonlinear system is solved numerically, revealing that the results are consistent with the linear predictions in the case of repulsive intercomponent interactions. On the other hand, intercomponent attraction creates the GS in the form of mixed-mode states in a vicinity of the GS phase-transition points. The spin texture of both vortex- and mixed-mode GSs reveals that they feature the structure of 2D (baby) skyrmions.

Source: Physical Review A

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.109.013326

Authors: Huan-Bo Luo, Lu Li, Boris A. Malomed, Yongyao Li, Bin Liu

Institutions: Foshan University, South China University of Technology, Shanxi University, Tel Aviv University, University of Tarapacá

Language: English

Topic: Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates

Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: green

Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, Israel Science Foundation

Awards: G1945605450, G3746375970, G5305166983, G743161877, G8724466365