Thyroid Hormones and Diabetes in Euthyroid Hispanic/Latino Adults of Diverse Backgrounds: HCHS/SOL

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Context: Previous studies have demonstrated associations of endogenous thyroid hormones with diabetes; less is known about stages of diabetes development at which they are operative, mechanisms of associations, and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Objective: This study examined associations of thyroid hormones with incident prediabetes and diabetes and with changes in glycemic traits in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), the largest cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults with diverse backgrounds in the United States. Methods: The study includes 592 postmenopausal euthyroid women and 868 euthyroid men aged 45 to 74 years without diabetes at baseline participating in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Baseline hormones included thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (T3), and indices calculated from thyroid hormones evaluating pituitary sensitivity to thyroid hormone. Transitions to diabetes and prediabetes, and changes in glycemic traits determined at the 6-year follow-up visit, were examined using multivariable Poisson and linear regressions. Results: = .011) was inversely, associated with transition from prediabetes to diabetes. Among men, the T3/FT4 ratio was positively associated with transition from normoglycemia to prediabetes but not from prediabetes to diabetes. Indices measuring sensitivity of the pituitary to thyroid hormone suggested increased sensitivity in men who transitioned from prediabetes to diabetes. Conclusion: Positive associations in women of T3 and TSH and inverse associations of FT4, as well as inverse associations of thyroid indices in men with transition from prediabetes to diabetes, but not from normoglycemia to diabetes, suggest decreased pituitary sensitivity to thyroid hormones in women and increased sensitivity in men later in the development of diabetes.

Source: Journal of the Endocrine Society

DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae039

Authors: Victoria Persky, Chibuzor Abasilim, Konstantina Tsintsifas, Tessa Day, Robert M Sargis, Martha Daviglus, Jianwen Cai, Sally Freels, Robert Kaplan, Carmen R Isasi, Amber Pirzada, Michelle L Meyer, Gregory A Talavera, Bharat Thyagarajan, Shivani Agarwal, Noel Chavez, Arielle Grieco, Mary E Turyk

Institutions: University of Illinois Chicago, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, San Diego State University, University of Minnesota, Montefiore Medical Center

Language: English

Topic: Thyroid Disorders and Treatments

Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,418

Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Dietary Supplements, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, University of Miami, University of North Carolina, Northwestern University, San Diego State University, National Institutes of Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Administration for Community Living, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, University of Illinois at Chicago, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities

OpenAlex ID: W4392344453