Year: 2024
Type: preprint
Abstract: If $H_1$ and $H_2$ are finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, a channel from $H_1$ to $H_2$ is a completely positive, linear map $\mathcal{I}$ that takes the set of states $\mathcal{S}(H_1)$ for $H_1$ to the set of states $\mathcal{S}(H_2)$ for $H_2$. Corresponding to $\mathcal{I}$ there is a unique dual map $\mathcal{I}^*$ from the set of effects $\mathcal{E}(H_2)$ for $H_2$ to the set of effects $\mathcal{E}(H_1)$ for $H_1$. We call $\mathcal{I}^*(b)$ the effect $b$ conditioned by $\mathcal{I}$ and the set $\mathcal{I}^c = \mathcal{I}^*(\mathcal{E}(H_2))$ the conditioned set of $\mathcal{I}$. We point out that $\mathcal{I}^c$ is a convex subeffect algebra of the effect algebra $\mathcal{E}(H_1)$. We extend this definition to the conditioning $\mathcal{I}^*(B)$ for an observable $B$ on $H_2$ and say that an observable $A$ is in $\mathcal{I}^c$ if $A=\mathcal{I}^*(B)$ for some observable $B$. We show that $\mathcal{I}^c$ is closed under post-processing and taking parts. We also define the conditioning of instruments by channels. These concepts are illustrated using examples of Holevo instruments and channels. We next discuss measurement models and their corresponding observables and instruments. We show that calculations can be simplified by employing Kraus and Holevo separable channels. Such channels allow one to separate the components of a tensor product.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Author: Gudder, Stan
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4392822301