PanRes: A database of latent and acquired antimicrobial resistance allowing 3D-based protein homology search
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: MOTIVATION: Antimicrobial resistance databases are central to genomic surveillance, but resistance determinants remain distributed across resources with different scopes, structures, and annotations. RESULTS: We developed PanRes, a curated resistance database of 11 717 genes integrating acquired and latent determinants of antibiotic, biocide, and metal resistance within a unified ontology. We predicted representative protein structures and clustered them by structural similarity, grouping proteins into 505 high-confidence structurally conserved clusters coherent despite sequence divergence. Their structure-guided alignments were used to build Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) for remote homology search. In seven wastewater metagenomes from five European cities, PanRes 3D-based HMMs expanded detection beyond what was possible with BLAST, with 35.3% of retained hits identified only by the HMMs and generally showing greater divergence from known proteins. For beta-lactamases, several proteins retained beta-lactamase-like folds and catalytic geometry despite weak sequence similarity. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: PanRes is available through an interactive web platform (https://panres.rambio.dk/), a structure-informed resource for exploring the whole resistome. The database, HMM profiles, and ontology are available at Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.22876216). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Source: Bioinformatics
Authors: Martina Vojtková, Martynas Baltušis, Hannah-Marie Martiny, Amulya Baral, Nikiforos Pyrounakis, Attila Beleon, Rebecca Freitag, Anna Pico-Tomàs, Rolf Sommer Kaas, Thomas N Petersen, Patrick Munk
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,989
Funders: Novo Nordisk, Novo Nordisk Fonden
Awards: G1233756696, G2723464381
OpenAlex ID: W4393638614