Quantum reaction-limited reaction–diffusion dynamics of noninteracting Bose gases
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: We investigate quantum reaction–diffusion (RD) systems in one-dimension with bosonic particles that coherently hop in a lattice, and when brought in range react dissipatively. Such reactions involve binary annihilation ( A + A → ∅ ) and coagulation ( A + A → A ) of particles at distance d. We consider the reaction-limited regime, where dissipative reactions take place at a rate that is small compared to that of coherent hopping. In classical RD systems, this regime is correctly captured by the mean-field approximation. In quantum RD systems, for noninteracting fermionic systems, the reaction-limited regime recently attracted considerable attention because it has been shown to give universal power law decay beyond mean field for the density of particles as a function of time. Here, we address the question whether such universal behavior is present also in the case of the noninteracting Bose gas. We show that beyond mean-field density decay for bosons is possible only for reactions that allow for destructive interference of different decay channels. Furthermore, we study an absorbing-state phase transition induced by the competition between branching A → A + A , decay A → ∅ and coagulation A + A → A . We find a stationary phase-diagram, where a first and a second-order transition line meet at a bicritical point which is described by tricritical directed percolation. These results show that quantum statistics significantly impact on both the stationary and the dynamical universal behavior of quantum RD systems.
Source: New Journal of Physics
Institutions: University of Tübingen, University of Nottingham
Language: English
Topic: Quantum many-body systems
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,485
Awards: G1862646656, FOR 5522: Quantenthermalisierung, Lokalisierung und eingeschränkte Dynamik mit wechselwirkenden ultrakalten Atomen, G2744928646, Nichtgleichgewichtsphasenübergänge in offenen Quantensystemen mit absorbierenden Zuständen, FOR 5413: Quantenspinsysteme mit langreichweitigen Wechselwirkungen: Experiment, Theorie und Mathematik, G5743048942
OpenAlex ID: W4394813042