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A Case of Hypernatremia in a Newly Diagnosed Patient With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Lessons for Nephrologists

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), formerly known as central diabetes insipidus, is a disease characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, and hypernatremia. The concomitant diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an underappreciated event that requires prompt recognition and treatment by practicing nephrologists and hematologists. This report highlights this importance by describing the case of a 39-year-old patient newly diagnosed with AML who developed severe hypernatremia. The role of diagnostic testing through desmopressin (DDAVP) challenge and copeptin testing to confirm the diagnosis of AVP-D in this context and the use of DDVAP for treatment are discussed. Practicing nephrologists and primary care providers taking care of patients with similar symptoms will benefit from understanding the pathophysiology of AVP-D, its relationship with AML, and the prognosis in this patient cohort.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59186

Authors: Valerio Rasi, Forest Riekhof, Maya Mahmoud, Shannon Ejiofor, Krista Lentine

Institutions: Baylor College of Medicine, Saint Louis University

Language: English

Topic: Electrolyte and hormonal disorders

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4395955404