Post‐diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary factors, supplement use and colorectal cancer prognosis: Global Cancer Update Programme ( CUP Global) summary of evidence grading
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study designs: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis
Abstract: Based on the World Cancer Research Fund Global Cancer Update Programme, we performed systematic reviews and meta-analyses to investigate the association of post-diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and dietary factors with colorectal cancer prognosis. We searched PubMed and Embase until 28th February, 2022. An independent expert committee and expert panel graded the quality of evidence. A total of 167 unique publications were reviewed, and all but five were observational studies. The quality of the evidence was graded conservatively due to the high risk of several biases. There was evidence of non-linearity in the associations between body mass index and colorectal cancer prognosis. The associations appeared reverse J-shaped, and the quality of this evidence was graded as limited (likelihood of causality: limited-no conclusion). The evidence on recreational physical activity and lower risk of all-cause mortality (relative risk [RR] highest vs. lowest: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62-0.77) and recurrence/disease-free survival (RR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70-0.92) was graded as limited-suggestive. There was limited-suggestive evidence for the associations between healthy dietary and/or lifestyle patterns (including diets that comprised plant-based foods), intake of whole grains and coffee with lower risk of all-cause mortality, and between unhealthy dietary patterns and intake of sugary drinks with higher risk of all-cause mortality. The evidence for other exposures on colorectal cancer outcomes was sparse and graded as limited-no conclusion. Analyses were conducted excluding cancer patients with metastases without substantial changes in the findings. Well-designed intervention and cohort studies are needed to support the development of lifestyle recommendations for colorectal cancer patients.
Source: International Journal of Cancer
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34904
Authors: Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Georgios Markozannes, Nerea Becerra‐Tomás, Margarita Cariolou, Katia Balducci, Rita Vieira, Sonia Kiss, Dagfinn Aune, Darren C. Greenwood, Laure Dossus, Esther M. González‐Gil, Marc J. Gunter, Kate Allen, Nigel T. Brockton, Helen Croker, Vanessa L. Gordon‐Dseagu, Panagiota Mitrou, Nicole Musuwo, Martin J. Wiseman, Ellen Copson, Andrew G. Renehan, Martijn Bours, Wendy Demark‐Wahnefried, Melissa M. Hudson, Anne M. May, Folakemi T. Odedina, Roderick Skinner, Karen Steindorf, Anne Tjønneland, Galina Velikova, Monica L. Baskin, Rajiv Chowdhury, Lynette Hill, Sarah J. Lewis, Jaap Seidell, Matty P. Weijenberg, John Krebs, Amanda J. Cross, Doris S. M. Chan
Institutions: University of Ioannina, Imperial College London, Cancer Registry of Norway, University of Leeds, Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, World Cancer Research Fund International, American Institute for Cancer Research, University of Southampton, University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Centre, Maastricht University, University of Alabama at Birmingham, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center (Florida), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle University, German Cancer Research Center, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Danish Cancer Society, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Florida International University, University of Bristol, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, University of Oxford
Language: English
Topic: Cancer Risks and Factors
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,840
OpenAlex ID: W4396589609