Work

Shape Optimization of Slip-Driven Axisymmetric Microswimmers

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: . In this work, we develop a computational framework that aims at simultaneously optimizing the shape and the slip velocity of an axisymmetric microswimmer suspended in a viscous fluid. We consider shapes of a given reduced volume that maximize the swimming efficiency, i.e., the (size-independent) ratio of the power loss arising from towing the rigid body of the same shape and size at the same translation velocity to the actual power loss incurred by swimming via the slip velocity. The optimal slip and efficiency (with shape fixed) are here given in terms of two Stokes flow solutions, and we then establish shape sensitivity formulas of adjoint-solution that provide objective function derivatives with respect to any set of shape parameters on the sole basis of the above two flow solutions. Our computational treatment relies on a fast and accurate boundary integral solver for solving all Stokes flow problems. We validate our analytic shape derivative formulas via comparisons against finite-difference gradient evaluations and present several shape optimization examples. Reproducibility of computational results. This paper has been awarded the “SIAM Reproducibility Badge: Code and Data Available” as a recognition that the authors have followed reproducibility principles valued by SISC and the scientific computing community. Code and data that allow readers to reproduce the results in this paper are available at https://github.com/ruowenliu/axisym3Dswimmer/ and in the supplementary materials ( axisym3Dswimmer-main.zip [8.78MB]), linked from the main article webpage. [Formula: see text]

Source: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing

DOI: 10.1137/24m1659649

Authors: Ruowen Liu, Hai Zhu, Hanliang Guo, Marc Bonnet, Shravan Veerapaneni