Associations of Allostatic Load with Level of and Change in Cognitive Function Among Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: The Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Background: Higher allostatic load (AL), a multi-system measure of physiological dysregulation considered a proxy for chronic stress exposure, is associated with poorer global cognition (GC) in older non-Hispanic white adults. However, evidence of these associations in middle-aged and older US-based Hispanic/Latino adults is limited. Objective: To examine associations of AL with level of cognition, performance in cognition 7 years later, and change in cognition over 7 years among middle-aged and older US-based Hispanic/Latino adults. Methods: We used data (n = 5,799, 45-74 years at baseline) from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and SOL-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). The AL score comprised 16 biomarkers representing cardiometabolic, glucose, cardiopulmonary, parasympathetic, and inflammatory systems (higher scores = greater dysregulation). Cognitive outcomes included GC and individual tests of verbal learning and memory, world fluency (WF), Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS), and Trail Making (Parts A & B). Survey-linear regressions assessed associations of AL with performance in cognition at baseline, 7 years later, and via 7-year cognitive change scores adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and depressive symptoms. Results: Higher AL was associated with lower baseline performance in GC and WF; and lower 7-year follow-up performance in these same measures plus DSS and Trail Making Parts A & B. Higher AL was associated with more pronounced 7-year change (reduction) in GC and on WF and DSS tests. Conclusions: Findings extend previous evidence in predominantly older non-Hispanic white cohorts to show that AL is related to level of and change in GC (as well as WF and DSS) among middle-aged and older US-based Hispanic/Latino adults.
Source: Journal of Alzheimer s Disease
DOI: 10.3233/jad-230796
Authors: Mayra L. Estrella, Wassim Tarraf, Sayaka Kuwayama, Linda C. Gallo, Christian R. Salazar, Ariana M. Stickel, Josiemer Mattei, Priscilla M. Vásquez, Kamal M. Eldeirawi, Krista M. Perreira, Frank J. Penedo, Carmen R. Isasi, Jianwen Cai, Donglin Zeng, Hector M. González, Martha L. Daviglus, Melissa Lamar
Institutions: Rush University Medical Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Wayne State University, University of California San Diego, San Diego State University, University of California, Irvine, Harvard University, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Office of Dietary Supplements, Alzheimer's Association, University of Miami, Northwestern University, San Diego State University, Institut National Du Cancer, National Institutes of Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, National Institute on Aging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
Awards: G1081972346, G1121130830, G1140476625, G122677224, G1312369436, G1318449938, G1327559120, Hispanic Community Health Study, G1455175283, Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA), G1666450717, G1818487580, G1845395357, G1866572497, G1984718218, G2400873112, G2466919156, HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY - FIELD CENTER, G2528054427, G2644289446, G2651066328, G2655143993, Understanding Hispanic Participation in Online Recruitment Registries, G2970637568, G3259176005, Hispanic Community Health Study, G3614733703, G3722034730, G4143790175, G432753757, Hispanic Community Health Study, G5015503974, G5102588038, SDSU FUERTE: Faculty United towards Excellence in Research and Transformational Engagement, Protective Factors of Cognitive Aging among Latinos in the 50 States and Puerto Rico, G528357465, G5365244667, G5372897717, HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY - COORDINATING CENTER, G543802643, G5785169696, G5810807418, G596642789, G597623549, G6075306088, G6088185517, G6149955053, G61781031, G6202424770, G7132511053, G7667010295, Rio Grande Valley Alzheimer's Resource Center for Minority Aging Research: Partnerships for Progress, G820454163, G8932431361, G8983294323, G8987601928, G9000199330, G9000217254, UCSD Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center P30, Culturally relevant contributors to cognitive and MRI changes in older Latinos, Improving Hispanic/Latino participation in preclinical Alzheimers disease Trials, G937084196
OpenAlex ID: W4397000956