Associations of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus With Vascular and Valvular Calcification

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Background: High dietary calcium and phosphorus may accelerate vascular calcification, but epidemiological data are inconsistent. Most of those studies assessed diet at one point and have not been systematically evaluated. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the associations of dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes in middle age with coronary artery and extra-coronary calcification at older age. Methods: We studied 1,914 participants from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study (mean age 80.5 years) without coronary heart disease who underwent chest computed tomography scans at visit 7 (2018-2019) and completed a 66-item food frequency questionnaire at 2 earlier visits (visit 1 [1987-1989] and visit 3 [1993-1995]). Dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes were averaged between these 2 visits. Calcification was quantified by the Agatston score in coronary artery, ascending aorta, descending aorta, aortic valve ring, aortic valve, and mitral valve. Results: Dietary calcium intake was inversely associated with coronary artery and ascending aorta calcification, whereas the association was not significant for other measures of extra-coronary calcification. For example, the highest vs lowest quartile of calcium intake showed an adjusted OR of 0.66 (95% CI: 0.45-0.98) for coronary artery calcification (Agatston score ≥75th percentile). Dietary phosphorus intake demonstrated similar results, but the magnitude of the association was weaker than dietary calcium intake. Conclusions: Dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes at middle age were not positively associated with vascular and valvular calcification at over 75 years old. Our findings did not support the link between a calcium or phosphorus-rich diet and vascular and valvular calcification.

Source: JACC Advances

DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.100993

Authors: Yume Nohara-Shitama, Yejin Mok, Shoshana H. Ballew, Casey M. Rebholz, Matthew J. Budoff, Cheryl Anderson, Junichi Ishigami, Michael J. Blaha, Kunihiro Matsushita

Institutions: Johns Hopkins University, New York University, University of California, Los Angeles, The Lundquist Institute, Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, University of California San Diego, Johns Hopkins Medicine

Language: English

Topic: Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments

Subfield: Nephrology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,850

Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NHLBI Division of Intramural Research

OpenAlex ID: W4398155111