PET ‐ MRI Applications and Future Prospects in Psychiatry
Year: 2024
Type: review
Abstract: This article reviews the synergistic application of positron emission tomography‐magnetic resonance imaging (PET‐MRI) in neuroscience with relevance for psychiatry, particularly examining neurotransmission, epigenetics, and dynamic imaging methodologies. We begin by discussing the complementary insights that PET and MRI modalities provide into neuroreceptor systems, with a focus on dopamine, opioids, and serotonin receptors, and their implications for understanding and treating psychiatric disorders. We further highlight recent PET‐MRI studies using a radioligand that enables the quantification of epigenetic enzymes, specifically histone deacetylases, in the brain in vivo. Imaging epigenetics is used to exemplify the impact the quantification of novel molecular targets may have, including new treatment approaches for psychiatric disorders. Finally, we discuss innovative designs involving functional PET using [ 18 F]FDG (fPET‐FDG), which provides detailed information regarding dynamic changes in glucose metabolism. Concurrent acquisitions of fPET‐FDG and functional MRI provide a time‐resolved approach to studying brain function, yielding simultaneous metabolic and hemodynamic information and thereby opening new avenues for psychiatric research. Collectively, the review underscores the potential of a multimodal PET‐MRI approach to advance our understanding of brain structure and function in health and disease, which could improve clinical care based on objective neurobiological features and treatment response monitoring. Evidence Level 1 Technical Efficacy Stage 1
DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29471
Language: English
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs
Awards: Epigenetics in Autism: An In Vivo PET Imaging Study, Imaging Epigenetic Dysregulation in Patients with Low Back Pain, G46444004, Neuroepigenetic mechanisms of chronic low back pain using histone deacetylases PET imaging, G6451547657, Measure Mu-opioid Receptor Desensitization in vivo, Hyperpolarized MR-PET for evaluating mitochondrial function and availability in an Alzheimers Disease Model, Multi-modal imaging of the metabolic and neurochemical mechanisms underlying task-evoked negative BOLD signals, Epigenetic involvement in socio-emotional behavior studied by PET- MRI, Probing the Biophysical Basis of Large-Scale Brain Dynamics Using Simultaneous PET/fMRI and EEG/PET/fMRI
OpenAlex ID: W4399369825