Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: Background Incidence of early-onset (younger than 50 years of age) colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in many countries. Thus, elucidating the role of traditional CRC risk factors in early-onset CRC is a high priority. We sought to determine whether risk factors associated with late-onset CRC were also linked to early-onset CRC and whether association patterns differed by anatomic subsite. Methods Using data pooled from 13 population-based studies, we studied 3767 CRC cases and 4049 controls aged younger than 50 years and 23 437 CRC cases and 35 311 controls aged 50 years and older. Using multivariable and multinomial logistic regression, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between risk factors and early-onset CRC and by anatomic subsite. Results Early-onset CRC was associated with not regularly using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.21 to 1.68), greater red meat intake (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.16), lower educational attainment (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.16), alcohol abstinence (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.39), and heavier alcohol use (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.50). No factors exhibited a greater excess in early-onset compared with late-onset CRC. Evaluating risks by anatomic subsite, we found that lower total fiber intake was linked more strongly to rectal (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.14 to 1.48) than colon cancer (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.27; P = .04). Conclusion In this large study, we identified several nongenetic risk factors associated with early-onset CRC, providing a basis for targeted identification of those most at risk, which is imperative in mitigating the rising burden of this disease.
Source: JNCI Cancer Spectrum
Authors: Alexi N Archambault, Yi Lin, Jihyoun Jeon, Tabitha A Harrison, D Timothy Bishop, Hermann Brenner, Graham Casey, Andrew T Chan, Jenny Chang-Claude, Jane C Figueiredo, Steven Gallinger, Stephen B Gruber, Marc J Gunter, Michael Hoffmeister, Mark A Jenkins, Temitope O Keku, Loïc Le Marchand, Li Li, Victor Moreno, Polly A Newcomb, Rish Pai, Patrick S Parfrey, Gad Rennert, Lori C Sakoda, Robert S Sandler, Martha L Slattery, Mingyang Song, Aung Ko Win, Michael O Woods, Neil Murphy, Peter T Campbell, Yu-Ru Su, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Peter S Liang, Mengmeng Du, Li Hsu, Ulrike Peters, Richard B Hayes
Institutions: New York University, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, University of Michigan, University of Leeds, St James's University Hospital, German Cancer Research Center, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, University of Virginia, Broad Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University of Southern California, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, City Of Hope National Medical Center, Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, The University of Melbourne, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, University of Washington, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Carmel Medical Center, Clalit Health Services, Kaiser Permanente, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, University of Utah, American Cancer Society, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, NYU Langone Health, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,500
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation, World Health Organization, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Johns Hopkins University, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, McGill University, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, Cancer Research UK, European Commission, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Cancerfonden, Ligue Contre le Cancer, Vetenskapsrådet, NordForsk, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Deutsche Krebshilfe, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Xarxa de Bancs de Tumors de Catalunya, Hellenic Health Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute, Medical Research Council, World Cancer Research Fund, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Awards: NYU Cancer Health Disparity (CHD) SPORE, G1032970344, G1055973116, G1059998468, G1075502044, G1090603134, Dana Farber/ Harvard Cancer Center SPORE in Gastrointestinal Cancer, G1126160002, Colorectal Cancer Risks in People <50 Years of Age, G1188670755, G1192877484, G1206960051, G1208621354, G1241080153, G1245747547, G1274701479, G1315996094, G1318397260, G1344656563, G137056171, G1524399603, G1553396324, G1559294051, G1630001991, G1718233269, G172151099, G1747202796, G1767199718, G1782702759, G1788645866, G1837345911, Transdisciplinary Studies of Genetic Variation in Colorectal Cancer, G1883417872, G1889983372, G1892934672, G1907752718, Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance Signaling Pathway Factors and Colon Cancer, Epigenetic Events and Colorectal Cancer Epidemiology, G1939941310, G1952936224, G1993546569, G2037485444, G2072618322, G2131326840, G2149779140, G2149865848, G2154620358, G2172811423, G220105922, G2216207056, G2235605558, G2257231888, G2280721124, G2336049343, Population Study of Rectal Cancer in Blacks and Whites, G2385011535, G239036932, G2394586229, G24053502, G2409987178, G2430800857, G2432069567, G2433993592, G2459254864, G2535160343, G2539064604, G2553834064, G2561548287, G2572521044, Advancing equity in colorectal cancer genetic risk prediction through expansion of racial/ethnic minority representation, G2611591051, Verbundvorhaben: Verbesserung der Langzeitprognose und der Lebensqualität von Patienten mit kolorektalem Karzinom (IMPACT-Studie), Teilprojekte der Universität Heidelberg (Anschlussvorhaben), G2653101739, Verbundvorhaben: Verbesserung der Langzeitprognose und der Lebensqualität von Patienten mit kolorektalem Karzinom (IMPACT-Studie), Teilprojekte des DKFZ (Anschlussvorhaben), G2663613759, G2709169786, G2709920838, G2723675273, G2727117086, G273148272, G2737034105, G2741775834, G2742323354, G2789075706, Inflammation and Colorectal Neoplasia, G2841678936, G2871896171, G2895699498, Comprehensive Colorectal Cancer Risk Prediction to Inform Personalized Screening, G29072894, G2925821801, G2933204024, G3010599472, G3049845011, Accelerating Transdisciplinary Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer, G306621025, G3077395769, G3084320185, G3113658960, G3149246560, G3160575273, G3170664214, G3189789075, G3204657967, G3216658785, G3246171900, G331404038, Verbundvorhaben: Verbesserung der Langzeitprognose und der Lebensqualität von Patienten mit kolorektalem Karzinom (IMPACT-Studie), Arbeitspaket Lebensqualität und Langzeitüberleben, G3410226057, G3412264340, G3433102772, G3452641779, G3461390129, G3544161537, Detection of Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility Loci Using Genome-Wide Sequencing, G3551209347, G3675143906, Interdisciplinary studies of the determinants, impact and control of colorectal cancer. A genetic-epidemiological and population-based approach, G3747421453, G375319704, G3754462075, Seattle Colorectal Cancer Family Registry (CFR), G3816092139, G3827521508, G382879149, G3907570640, G3913695697, G3964026636, Dietary and Hormonal Determinants of Cancer in Women, G3980646122, G4012977212, G4015156572, G4035589311, G4041385912, G4049848471, G4072923381, G4077774553, G4081633361, G4089957676, G4155712275, G4172095906, G4187108342, G4213141252, G423622538, G4239717416, G4266498966, Ontario Registry for Studies of Familial Colon Cancer, G4276214582, G4303038735, G4341742837, G4376790518, G4387780803, G43956866, Identificación de marcadores de susceptibilidad genética útiles para el diseño de estrategias personalizadas de cribado, G4473162978, G4500553127, Health of vegetarians, G459595259, G4660785451, G4667532018, G4682079261, G4735631659, G4752739612, G4811780622, G4857818444, G4879533352, G4884057766, G4885864782, G4913827001, G5004963360, G5047213743, Longitudinal Adherence to Colorectal Cancer Screening in the VA, G5119219000, G520127953, G5232047109, G5294110089, Verbundprojekt: Verbesserung der Langzeitprognose und der Lebensqualität von Patienten mit kolorektalem Karzinom (IMPACT-Studie), Arbeitspaket Gewebemarker, G5375816427, G5391703192, G5406065712, G5429766098, G5456958854, G5578953934, G558017500, G5590407248, G5617545779, NMR detection of tumor differentiation, G5651954792, G569447510, G5697623472, G569908600, G5706284561, G5712372172, G5750710683, G5783272435, G5844759391, G5897142711, G5932924763, The Colon Cancer Family Registry: Seattle, G5984543729, G5990830295, G6022976577, G6025337639, G6054300366, G6212483348, G6238616637, G6264211199, G6294239886, G6305665937, G6320156643, G640002926, Using functional genomics to inform gene environment interactions for colorectal cancer, G6442500046, G6473583094, G6486574503, G6489958760, G6570774229, G657255654, G6601174030, Hormones and Colon Cancer: Epigenetic Subtypes, Risk, and Survival, G6624236413, The Colon Cancer Family Registry: Ontario, G6741060998, G6763731694, G6779186093, G6780254327, G6809902847, G6820515600, G6827694873, G6862617662, G6868151656, G6960682749, G7020115967, G7022277044, G7040807446, G707346186, G7125502117, G7269439592, G7271584288, G7306252069, G7412051999, G7426181285, G7447125227, Long Term Multidisciplinary Study of Cancer in Women: The Nurses Health Study, G7555119139, G7597388277, G7600088736, Genomic Wide Association Study of Colorectal Cancer, G7624991799, G7646326732, G7674072152, G783735019, G7838322234, G7853538257, G7868651054, G7926178030, G7956840597, Lifestyle, genetics and colonoscopy for colorectal cancer prevention, G7993655663, G8012318887, G804866679, G8050896463, G8117347302, G8147327976, G817390530, G8202427444, G8279237360, G8320489521, G8331243404, G8374761964, G8407261631, G848473175, G8500560359, G8508326818, G8525262851, G8542687542, G8619603317, G8682508021, G8716998914, G873637352, G876765158, Molecular Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer, G8796559087, G8838857111, G8867963557, G8869854444, G889473840, G8959392569, G8978728421, G9000019418, G9000085113, G9000087384, G9000099122, G9000131717, G9000182700, G9000311941, Cancer Center Support Grant, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Colon Cancer Family Registry Cohort, Cancer Center Support Grant, G980164052
OpenAlex ID: W3164603569