Non-Insulin Antidiabetic Agents and Lung Cancer Risk in Drug-Naive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Lung cancer (LC) is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. Insulin therapy, a key treatment for managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), is associated with increased LC risk. The impact of non-insulin antidiabetic drugs, particularly GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), on LC risk is not well understood. This study evaluated LC risk in T2DM patients, comparing seven non-insulin antidiabetic agents to insulin. Using the TriNetX Analytics platform, we analyzed the de-identified electronic health records of 1,040,341 T2DM patients treated between 2005 and 2019, excluding those with prior antidiabetic use or LC diagnoses. We calculated hazard ratios and confidence intervals for LC risk and used propensity score matching to control for confounding factors. All non-insulin antidiabetic drugs, except alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, were associated with significantly reduced LC risk compared to insulin, with GLP-1RAs showing the greatest reduction (HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.59). GLP-1RAs were consistently associated with lowered LC risk across all histological types, races, genders, and smoking statuses. These findings suggest that non-insulin antidiabetic drugs, particularly GLP-1RAs, may be preferable for managing T2DM while reducing LC risk.
Source: Cancers
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,296
Awards: Combine computational prediction, network analysis and genetic screening in C elegans to uncover neurodegenerative causes in Alzheimer's Disease, G3303255992, Construct large-scale phenomes of disease and drugs and develop data-driven systems approaches to understand genetic links between Alzheimer's disease and Neuropsychiatric symptoms, Characterize multifaceted interactions between COVID-19 and alcohol use disorder based on real-time analysis of electronic health records of 62 million adult patients, An Integrated Reverse Engineering Approach Toward Rapid drug Re positioning for Alzheimer's Disease, G9000202443, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Support Grant, Case CCC Youth Engaged in Science, 09/01/2022-08/31/2027, G993649570
OpenAlex ID: W4400119863