Time trends of the association of body mass index with mortality in 3.5 million young Swedish adults
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated time trends of the obesity-mortality association, accounting for age, sex, and cause-specific deaths. METHODS: We analysed pooled nationwide data in Sweden for 3,472,310 individuals aged 17-39 years at baseline in 1963-2016. Cox regression and flexible parametric survival models investigated BMI-mortality associations in sub-groups of sex and baseline calendar years (men: <1975, 1975-1985, ≥1985 and women: <1985, 1985-1994, ≥1995). RESULTS: Comparing men with obesity vs. normal weight, all-cause and "other-cause" mortality associations decreased over periods; HR (95% CI) 1.92 (1.83-2.01) and 1.70 (1.58-1.82) for all-cause and 1.72 (1.58-1.87) and 1.40 (1.28-1.53) for "other-cause" mortality in <1975 and ≥1985, but increased for CVD mortality; HR 2.71 (2.51-2.94) and 3.91 (3.37-4.53). Higher age at death before 1975 coincided with more obesity-related deaths at higher ages. Furthermore, the all-cause mortality association for different ages in men showed no clear differences between periods (p-interaction=0.09), suggesting no calendar effect after accounting for attained age. Similar, but less pronounced, results were observed in women. Associations with cancer mortality showed no clear trends in men or in women. CONCLUSIONS: Accounting for differences in age and death causes between calendar periods when investigating BMI-mortality time trends may avoid misinterpreting the risks associated with obesity over time.
Source: Annals of Epidemiology
Authors: Innocent B. Mboya, Josef Fritz, Marisa da Silva, Ming Sun, Jens Wahlström, Patrik K.E. Magnusson, Sven Sandin, Weiyao Yin, Stefan Söderberg, Nancy L. Pedersen, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Bright I. Nwaru, Hannu Kankaanranta, Abbas Chabok, Jerzy Leppert, Helena Backman, Linnea Hedman, Karolin Isaksson, Karl Michaëlsson, Christel Häggström, Tanja Stocks
Institutions: Lund University, Innsbruck Medical University, Universität Innsbruck, Umeå University, Karolinska Institutet, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, University of Southern California, Stockholm Health Care Services, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Tampere University, Seinäjoen Keskussairaala, University of Tampere, Uppsala University, Region Västmanland
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,660
OpenAlex ID: W4400698444