Precision Chemistry for Two-Dimensional Materials
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: RecommendationsT wo-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered enormous interest as a novel platform for exploring fundamental chemistry and physics at the single-atom thickness limit.These materials encompass various categories and types, including graphene, 1 hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), 2 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), 3 MXenes, 4 graphdiyne, 5 covalent organic frameworks (COFs), 6 and monolayer molecular crystals.7 These materials can exhibit diverse properties as metals, semiconductors, superconductors, insulators, dielectrics, and magnets.Their unique electronic, optical, mechanical, and quantum properties make them suitable for a wide range of applications, from transistors and sensors to quantum information sciences and energy storage.With their highly tunable and versatile physical properties, these atomically thin materials could promise technological opportunities beyond the reach of existing materials.With a thickness measured by a single atom or a few atoms and lateral dimensions extending up to the meter scale, 2D materials feature an extreme aspect ratio of up to 10 9 or larger.This extreme aspect ratio necessitates highly anisotropic growth, with growth rates differing by millions or billions of times across different dimensions, posing a fundamentally new synthetic challenge.Achieving consistent single-atom thickness while expanding laterally to macroscopic scale requires finetuned control over the nucleation and growth process.Precision chemistry holds the key to the production of uniform 2D materials, 8 their heterostructures, 9 and superlattices, 10,11 which are central for consistent electronic and optical properties.Understanding the fundamental growth mechanisms is essential for the controlled synthesis of 2D materials with specific stacking orders, symmetry, and phase characteristics, fundamentally determining their properties.12 By precisely controlling doping levels, edge termination, heterostructure formation, and intercalation of functional species, researchers can further tailor the electronic and chemical properties of 2D materials, enhancing their functionality for various applications.13 Given the extreme surface-to-volume ratio of 2D materials, precision surface chemistry is also critical for manipulating and optimizing relevant physical properties, including surface functionalization, surface protection, charge density, and other exotic properties such chiral optical and spintronic properties.Proper surface modification may also enhance the stability and performance of 2D materials in various applications.Precision chemistry plays a central role in tailoring the atomic and molecular structures of 2D materials, thereby unlocking their full potential in various high-impact areas such as lower-power electronics, energy storage, catalysis, and sensing.Precise control over dimensions, chemical composi- Special Issue: Precision Chemistry for Two-Dimensional
Source: Precision Chemistry
Author: Xiangfeng Duan
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4401891950