Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Incident Diabetes by Viral Variant: Findings From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has evolved over time by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant, disease severity, treatment, and prevention. There is evidence of an elevated risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19; our objective was to evaluate whether this association is consistent across time and with contemporary viral variants. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) data to evaluate incident diabetes risk among COVID-positive adults compared with COVID-negative patients or control patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI). Cohorts were weighted on demographics, data site, and Charlson comorbidity index score. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence ratio (CIR) of incident diabetes for each viral variant era. RESULTS: Risk of incident diabetes 1 year after COVID-19 was increased for patients with any viral variant compared with COVID-negative control patients (ancestral CIR 1.16 [95% CI 1.12-1.21]; Alpha CIR 1.14 [95% CI 1.11-1.17]; Delta CIR 1.17 [95% CI 1.13-1.21]; Omicron CIR 1.13 [95% CI 1.10-1.17]) and control patients with ARI (ancestral CIR 1.17 [95% CI 1.11-1.22]; Alpha CIR 1.14 [95% CI 1.09-1.19]; Delta CIR 1.18 [95% CI 1.11-1.26]; Omicron CIR 1.20 [95% CI 1.13-1.27]). There was latency in the timing of incident diabetes risk with the Omicron variant; in contrast with other variants, the risk presented after 180 days. CONCLUSIONS: Incident diabetes risk after COVID-19 was similar across different SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, there was greater latency in diabetes onset in the Omicron variant era.
Source: Diabetes Care
DOI: 10.2337/dc24-1003
Institutions: Stony Brook University, Emory University, University of Minnesota, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Office of the Director, Johns Hopkins University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Colorado Anschutz
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Yale University, University of Southern California, Brown University, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, University of Miami, University of Pennsylvania, Ohio State University, Emory University, Tufts Medical Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Northwestern University, George Washington University, Wake Forest University, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Minnesota, Washington University in St. Louis, Harvard Catalyst, Loyola University Chicago, University of Washington, Tulane University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Oklahoma, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Georgetown University, University of Rochester, University of Cincinnati, Case Western Reserve University, Dartmouth College, Pennsylvania State University, Carilion Clinic, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Rush University, University of South Carolina, Aurora Health Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, West Virginia University, Montana State University, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin Research Institute, MedStar Health Research Institute, Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Penn State Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Children's National Hospital, Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center, Ochsner Health, West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Stony Brook University, National Institutes of Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Weill Cornell Medical College, University of California, Davis, Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of California, San Diego, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, University of California, San Francisco, University at Buffalo, Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, University of California, Irvine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine, Indiana University, University of Colorado Denver, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Massachusetts, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Cleveland, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, Translational Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Florida, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University, Frontiers Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Kansas, Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, National Institute on Aging, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science, Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Yale School of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, Wake Forest Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Accelerated Innovation Research Initiative Turning Top Science and Ideas into High-Impact Values
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OpenAlex ID: W4401993615