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Transmissible Infection Profile and Hematological Parameters in Healthy Blood Donors and Trends in Unsuitability for Blood Donation

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Objective: This study assessed the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, dengue, malaria, HBV, HCV, and other transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) among healthy blood donors in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methods: The investigation was carried out from January to September of 2022 at Al-Khidmat Raazi Diagnostic and Blood Bank. An Immunochromatographic Technique (ICT) was utilized to screen healthy blood donors for syphilis, malaria, dengue, HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV antibodies. SPSS version 21, was used for statistical analysis. Methods: This study examined blood donors who visited the Al-khidmat Raazi Diagnostic and Blood Bank between January and September of 2022. Blood donors underwent tests for dengue, malaria, syphilis, HIV, HBV, and HCV. To separate serum from blood, 5 ml of blood is collected in a sterile test tube and centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes. Using ICT, screening was done for HbsAg, anti-HCV, anti-syphilis, and anti-HIV antibodies. Results: Ninety percent of the blood donors had typical physical characteristics. Male donors made up all 298 (100%) of the healthy donors. Over the course of nine months, TTIs were tested for in 298 healthy blood donors. In our study, replacement donors made up 80% of the blood donors. The prevalence of malaria, dengue, HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis, and other diseases was determined to be 12.5%, 13.4%, 12.8%, 6.7%, 0.7%, and 21.5% respectively. The hemoglobin level of 260 blood donors (87%) was 13mg/dl. Conclusion: Donors frequently experience TTIs. Inadequate screening leads to transfusion-transmissible illnesses in healthy blood donors. Safe health practices and appropriate TTI screening could lower blood donors' risk of contracting communicable illnesses. To avoid unintentional transfusion reactions in both the recipient and the donor, the hospital must thoroughly screen donors for TTIs and unfitness.

Source: Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.

DOI: 10.70302/jpsim.v5i3.2452

Authors: Khazina Ikram, Fawad Mahmood, Seher Obaid, Ayesha Noor, Sadaf Nasir, Saira Nasr Malik