Characteristics of Recombinant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Expressing Putative Germin-Like Protein from Neopyropia yezoensis
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: IntroductionWidespread increasing temperature of 1.5 -2 o C and reduced precipitation are anticipated by the end of the 21st century [1], resulting in decreased runoff and increased salinization of epicontinental for freshwater bodies.Since the increased potential of salinity to alter the structure of phytoplankton communities, the short-term and rapid response of freshwater phytoplankton to various stresses has been extensively addressed [2].C. reinhardtii is a popular model organism for phytoplankton with a fully sequenced and well-annotated genome; meanwhile, various tools exist to modify and characterize their genome [3,4].C. reinhardtii, a single-celled eukaryotic microalga inhabiting both soil and aquatic environments, relies on CO 2 and light for growth, thriving within the mesophilic temperature range of 20 -32°C.Extended exposure to incompatible temperatures leads to metabolic cessation, chlorosis, and, ultimately, cell death [5].Similar to these studies, when microalgae undergo abiotic stress such as nutrient deprivation, high temperature, and salinity stress, they accumulate large quantities of lipids for survival [6].In moderate stress conditions, acclimation of microalgae is induced.Exposure to harsher stresses will enable Chlamydomonas to activate a range of alternate strategies involving interaction between multiple cells and/or programmed cell death.Furthermore, Chlamydomonas can form multicellular structures such as palmelloids or aggregates that can dissociate when environmental conditions improve [7].Under moderate stress conditions, where the cell can survive, microalgae accumulate lipids that can potentially act as third-generation biomass to be the next energy source.The lipids that microorganisms accumulate within their cells are used to produce a variety of biofuels, such as biodiesel and ethanol.Microalgae offer numerous advantages over traditional first-and second-generation biomass in that they require less water than conventional crops, thrive in saline wastewater environments, and do not cause issues related to arable land scarcity [8].These attributes make microalgae cultivation highly attractive for sustainable biomass production and biofuel generation.However, there is a problem with cell growth being inhibited.Eventually, reduced cell growth will lead to lower lipid productivity, even if the lipid content is enhanced [9].Therefore, efforts to identify different microalgae strategies for resisting and surviving multiple abiotic stresses, such as obtaining creating by introducing various genes resistant to abiotic stress, have been extensively studied [10][11][12][13].In this study, we characterized the gene of putative germin-like protein (GLP) found in Neopyropia yezoensis and investigated the effect by introducing the gene into C. reinhardtii.Resistance tests to various abiotic stresses Since microalgae face various environmental stresses for the high production of biofuels, multiple studies have been performed to determine if microalgae are resistant to these various stresses.In this study, the viability of cells under various abiotic stresses was investigated by introducing a putative germin-like protein (GLP) from Neopyropia yezoensis, which was known to be related in the resistance to abiotic stresses.The expression of GLP in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii allowed cells to grow better in various abiotic stress environments.In nitrogen starvation conditions, recombinant cells accumulated the lipid droplet 1.46-fold more than wild-type cells and responded more rapidly to form palmelloid forms.Under high-temperature, hydrogen peroxide conditions and saline stress, the survival rate was increased 3.5 times, 2.19 times, and 3.19 times in recombinant C. reinhardtii with GLP, respectively.The expression level of genes related to pathways in response to various stresses increased 2-fold more under those conditions.This result will be useful for the development of microalgae that can grow better and produce more biofuels under different stress conditions.
Authors: Jiae Kim, Jong-il Choi
Institution: Chonnam National University
Language: English
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Awards: G5970260905, G68318506, G6953522574
OpenAlex ID: W4402281806