Work

Ultrasound-activated mechanochemical reactions for controllable biomedical applications

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Intramolecular bonds in small organic molecules, macromolecules , and organic-inorganic hybrids are broken or formed by ultrasound-activated mechanical force that can be applied with spatial and temporal precision for contactless external control of mechanochemical reactions. Ultrasound featuring non-invasiveness, high tissue penetration, and spatiotemporal controllability has shown great potential in controlling the activation of mechanochemical reactions such as chemical bond scission , natural enzyme activation , and catalytic radical generation for targeted drug or gene therapy. Here, we comprehensively summarize the latest research and future trends in ultrasound-activated mechanochemical reactions for smart biomedical applications . First, the mechanism of ultrasound-activated mechanochemical reactions will be outlined. Then, the types of mechanochemical reactions will be carefully discussed. After that, the representative biomedical applications have been summarized from a unique perspective. Finally, we systematically emphasize the current challenges and future outlooks to guide the rational design of ultrasound-activated drug release over conventional drug-loaded therapies. We believe that this review will substantially facilitate the progression and widespread utilization of ultrasound-activated mechanochemical reactions in biomedical applications.

Source: Smart Materials in Medicine

DOI: 10.1016/j.smaim.2024.09.001