Work

Cytome analysis (micronuclei and nuclear anomalies) in bioindication of environmental pollution in animals with nuclear erythrocytes

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Assessment of cytogenetic homeostasis of indicator animals is of great importance in ecological monitoring. The simplest method of its study is micronucleus analysis. Animals with nuclear erythrocytes are often used as indicator animals. In addition to the micronuclei usually recorded, a wide range of cytological nuclear and cellular abnormalities (cytomic analysis) is encountered when assessing the spontaneous level and under the influence of anthropogenic factors. Spontaneous frequency of cytogenetic disorders in 36 species of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds was studied. Ecological monitoring of territories of Kazakhstan with different types of pollution (radiation, petrochemical, pesticide, heavy metals, due to rocket and space activities) was carried out with the help of separate species of animals. The results of the study include comparative descriptions, schematics and microphotographs clearly demonstrating a wide range of cytological anomalies of nuclear erythrocytes of animals of different classes. The greatest spectrum of nuclear anomalies in the studied animals was registered at petrochemical and pesticide contamination of territories. Depending on the tasks and climatic-geographical conditions, all investigated species can be used as bioindicators. Testudo horsfieldii is an exception for desert regions due to high spontaneous micronuclei level in this species. A review of the names of the main nuclear anomalies is carried out and variants of its ordering are proposed. • Spontaneous frequency data of 36 animal species are presented. • The spectrum and patterns of major and rare nuclear anomalies are presented. • The most complete spectrum and schemes of the main nuclear anomalies are presented. • Different classes of animals are characterized by specificity of nuclear abnormalities. • The widest range of nuclear anomalies is observed with chemical contamination.

Source: Heliyon

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37643

Authors: Oksana Cherednichenko, Igor Magda, Serikbay Nuraliyev, Anastassiya Pilyugina, Dinara Azizbekova

Institution: Institute of Zoology

Language: English

Topic: Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment

Subfield: Cancer Research

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,100

Funder: Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan