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Interdependence of Support Wettability ‐ Electrodeposition Rate‐ Sodium Metal Anode and SEI Microstructure

Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: This study examines how current collector support chemistry (sodiophilic intermetallic Na2Te vs. sodiophobic baseline Cu) and electrodeposition rate affect microstructure of sodium metal and its solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Capacity and current (6 mAh cm−2, 0.5–3 mA cm−2) representative of commercially relevant mass loading in anode‐free sodium metal battery (AF‐SMBs) are analyzed. Synchrotron X‐ray nanotomography and grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) are combined with cryogenic ion beam (cryo‐FIB) microscopy. Highlighted are major differences in film morphology, internal porosity, and crystallographic preferred orientation e.g. (110) vs. (100) and (211) with support and deposition rate. Within the SEI, sodium fluoride (NaF) is more prevalent with Te−Cu versus sodium hydride (NaH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with baseline Cu. Due to competitive grain growth the preferred orientation of sodium crystallites depends on film thickness. Mesoscale modeling delineates the role of SEI (ionic conductivity, morphology) on electrodeposit growth and onset of electrochemical instability.
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202412550
Authors: Chang‐An Lo, Yixian Wang, Varun R. Kankanallu, Aditya Singla, Dean Yen, Xiaoyin Zheng, Kaustubh G. Naik, Bairav S. Vishnugopi, Callum Campbell, Vikalp Raj, Chonghang Zhao, Lu Ma, Jianming Bai, Feipeng Yang, Ruipeng Li, Mingyuan Ge, John Watt, Partha P. Mukherjee, David Mitlin, Yu‐chen Karen Chen‐Wiegart
Institutions: Stony Brook University, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Purdue University West Lafayette, Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Synchrotron Light Source II, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies
Language: English
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: U.S. Department of Energy, Welch Foundation, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Office of Science, National Nuclear Security Administration, Basic Energy Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
Awards: G1017065088, G1279347439, G1285306620, G1527848044, G1847291448, G2354036397, G241279073, G3137353516, G3262563802, G357145406, G3584228973, FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING OF ELECTROCHEMICAL – MECHANICAL DRIVEN INSTABILITY OF SODIUM METAL, G5765906131, G5892225984, G6410514744, G6965541988, G7463374569, G7717989950, G7977574923, G8135073464
OpenAlex ID: W4402555065
FWCI: 0.616
Cites: 86
Cited by: 6
Related to: 10