Work

Carbon dioxide valorisation with partial oxidation of methane in a water cooled DBD plasma

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: The valorisation of carbon dioxide in chemical plasmas implies as a principal reaction step its energy efficient dissociation into carbon monoxide. For hydrogen production, the reaction carbon monoxide with water (WGS) may lead to the generation of green hydrogen and reusable carbon dioxide. Beyond hydrogen, most valorisation processes require the removal of O 2 to avoid its recombination with CO on any downstream hot catalytic surface. Moreover, if the oxygen scavenging is performed directly inside the plasma volume, it can also shift the dissociation equilibrium that is responsible for the well-known trade-off between energy efficiency and conversion, thus improving efficiency when larger specific energy densities are applied. In this paper we first report on the plasma dissociation of pure CO 2 in a water cooled, high power(<2 kW), Dielectric Barrier Discharge with high gas flow regime (<3600sccm), and then we explore the synergistic oxygen removal by the partial oxidation of methane for syngas production. The presence of CH 4 , even in small amounts, removes oxygen from the outstream and from the discharge region, as confirmed by mass and optical emission spectroscopies, and enhances the process in two ways: it allows to feed the system with gas having a low CH 4 to CO 2 ratio (0.1–0.3) instead of pure CO 2 , where landfill and waste gases are undesired climate altering emissions with a similar composition that currently require flaring; it will allow to use directly the reactor outstream into a WGS reactor, or any other CO valorisation process without the necessity to remove downstream O 2 . • Removing oxygen from dissociated carbon dioxide is vital for downstream conversion of carbon monoxide in hydrogen by WGS. • The reaction of carbon dioxide and methane in a high-power water cooled DBD plasma system is investigated when methane is less than 1/3 of carbon dioxide • Very small methane amounts remove oxygen but also depress plasma dissociation of carbon dioxide • The plasma dissociation of carbon dioxide and the partial oxidation of methane act synergistically and may allow the electric valorisation of waste or landfill gases that are instead flared • The investigation was performed in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor that allows a plasma power above 2 kW

Source: Journal of CO2 Utilization

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2024.102931

Authors: Nicola Lisi, Umberto Pasqual Laverdura

Institutions: National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA Casaccia Research Centre

Language: English

Topic: Plasma Applications and Diagnostics

Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDGs: Climate action, Affordable and clean energy, Responsible consumption and production

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,900