Diet Impacts on Gene Expression in Healthy Colon Tissue: Insights from the BarcUVa-Seq Study
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: (1) Introduction: The global rise of gastrointestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases, highlights the need to understand their causes. Diet is a common risk factor and a crucial regulator of gene expression, with alterations observed in both conditions. This study aims to elucidate the specific biological mechanisms through which diet influences the risk of bowel diseases. (2) Methods: We analyzed data from 436 participants from the BarcUVa-Seq population-based cross-sectional study utilizing gene expression profiles (RNA-Seq) from frozen colonic mucosal biopsies and dietary information from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary variables were evaluated based on two dietary patterns and as individual variables. Differential expression gene (DEG) analysis was performed for each dietary factor using edgeR. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was conducted with STRINGdb v11 for food groups with more than 10 statistically significant DEGs, followed by Reactome-based enrichment analysis for the resulting networks. (3) Results: Our findings reveal that food intake, specifically the consumption of blue fish, alcohol, and potatoes, significantly influences gene expression in the colon of individuals without tumor pathology, particularly in pathways related to DNA repair, immune system function, and protein glycosylation. (4) Discussion: These results demonstrate how these dietary components may influence human metabolic processes and affect the risk of bowel diseases.
Source: Nutrients
DOI: 10.3390/nu16183131
Institutions: Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona, Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospital de Sant Joan Despí Moisès Broggi, Hospital de Viladecans, University of Virginia
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,296
Funders: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, University of Washington, Case Western Reserve University, Centres de Recerca de Catalunya, European Commission, Fundación Científica Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Generalitat de Catalunya, National Institutes of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, National Cancer Institute
Awards: G1098742644, G1249134106, G1537593420, G1650922810, G1877814619, G2138839018, G2209031392, G2280721124, G2482018408, G2552025709, Human gut Microbiome, gene Expression and Colorectal Cancer: Assigning causal roles from a novel Mendelian randomization perspective., G3087482042, Smart Health Community (SHC), promoviendo la medicina basada en el valor., G4092730677, G4228034939, G4267618380, G456587603, G4683355203, G4820186031, G4990599476, G4996168255, G5149806567, G5684856771, G5864503528, G6161782618, G6179676221, G6499940863, G677632107, G7301594472, G7461295773, G7728513510, G7930253972, G8212506315, G8341725366, G9000006900, G9000011662, G9000100951, G9000120424, G9000196107
OpenAlex ID: W4402659901