Proresolving Lipid Mediators in the Respiratory System
Year: 2024
Type: review
Abstract: Lung inflammation, infection, and injury can lead to critical illness and death. The current means to pharmacologically treat excessive uncontrolled lung inflammation needs improvement because many treatments are or will become immunosuppressive. The inflammatory response evolved to protect the host from microbes, injury, and environmental insults. This response brings phagocytes from the bloodstream to the tissue site to phagocytize and neutralize bacterial invaders and enables airway antimicrobial functions. This physiologic response is ideally self-limited with initiation and resolution phases. Polyunsaturated essential fatty acids are precursors to potent molecules that govern both phases. In the initiation phase, arachidonic acid is converted to prostaglandins and leukotrienes that activate leukocytes to transmigrate from postcapillary venules. The omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., DHA and EPA) are precursors to resolvins, protectins, and maresins, which are families of chemically distinct mediators with potent functions in resolution of acute and chronic inflammation in the respiratory system.
Source: Annual Review of Physiology
Authors: Charles N. Serhan, Bruce D. Levy
Institutions: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University
Language: English
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Awards: Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators in Asthma, G4554148535, Immunometabolic phenotypes in adult severe asthma and disease progression, EPHEDRA: Enhanced PHthisic by Environmental Disruptors of Resolution Agonists, Traffic-Related Ultrafine Particles Disrupt The Resolution Of Lung Inflammation, Monitoring pro-resolving leukocyte responses in peripheral blood predicts clinical severity during sepsis, Evaluating Resolution Mechanisms for Infectious Inflammation
OpenAlex ID: W4402681677