Cumulative ADHD medication use and risk of type 2 diabetes in adults: a Swedish Register study
Year: 2024
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the impact of cumulative attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). OBJECTIVE: The objective is to examine the association between cumulative use of ADHD medication and risk of incident T2D. METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted in a national cohort of individuals aged 18-70 years with incident ADHD (n=138 778) between 2007 and 2020 through Swedish registers. Individuals with incident T2D after ADHD were selected as cases (n=2355) and matched with up to five controls (n=11 681) on age at baseline, sex and birth year. Conditional logistic regression models examined the association between cumulative duration of ADHD medication use and T2D. FINDINGS: Compared with no use, a decreased risk of T2D was observed for those on cumulative use of ADHD medications up to 3 years (ORs: 0 3 years, 0.97 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.12)). When investigating medication types separately, methylphenidate showed results similar to main analyses, lisdexamfetamine showed no association with T2D, whereas long-term (>3 years) use of atomoxetine was associated with an increased risk of T2D (OR: 1.44 (95% CI, 1.01 to 2.04)). CONCLUSION: Cumulative use of ADHD medication does not increase the risk for T2D, with the exception of long-term use of atomoxetine. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Findings suggest that clinicians should be aware of the potential risk of T2D associated with the cumulative use of atomoxetine among patients with ADHD; however, further replication is strongly needed.
Source: BMJ Mental Health
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
Awards: Risk factors, social and health outcomes of neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes - A nationwide population register -based study., Post-Pandemic Vulnerability and Resilience: A bioecological approach towards youth wellbeing in Nordic schools and communities (SISU), G32347675, Management of chronic cardiometabolic disease and treatment discontinuity in adult ADHD patients, Advancing the management of adult ADHD and cooccurring cardiometabolic disease through register-based studies of prognosis, treatment and high-risk groups, G434337789, ADHD and age-related health conditions: Establishing links, underlying mechanisms and risk factors, G4701722887, G5170080841, G6444737510, G6808336134, Early-life environmental risk factors of Intellectual Disability: biological, psychosocial influences and early identification– Nationwide Twin and Family Study., G8833701893
OpenAlex ID: W4402837703