Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: In-flight icing related to Supercooled Large Droplets (SLD) has attracted much interest in recent years. This interest increased after the fatal crash of Avions de Transport Régional, ATR-72 in Roselawn, Indiana, USA in 1994, where SLD ice accumulation was identified as the cause of the accident. SLD icing conditions are addressed to in Appendix O in airworthiness certification requirements, whereas smaller droplets are addressed to in Appendix C. Although there is a wealth of numerical and experimental studies reported in the literature related to Appendix C icing conditions, those related to Appendix O are far fewer. This paper aims to investigate phenomena that are related to SLD conditions including gravity, non-spherical droplets, droplet breakup and droplet splash using an in-house computational tool. The in-house computational tool involves four modules for the computation of the flow field, droplet trajectories, convective heat transfer coefficients and ice growth rates. Droplet trajectories are computed using Lagrangian approach, while ice growth rates are calculated using the Extended Messinger Model. In order to extend the capabilities of the computational tool to include SLD-related phenomena, empirical models that represent SLD physics are implemented. Eventually, an extensive study has been performed using MS317 and NACA0012 airfoils, that aims to bring out relative importance of the SLD-related phenomena particularly on water catch rates and ice formation. The results of the study pointed to some important new conclusions that may shed further light onto SLD physics. For example, multiple droplet breakup has been observed under certain conditions and droplet breakup emerged as a more important effect than previously reported. It was also seen that droplet splash influences both the energy balance and the mass balance in the icing process, which has been shown to have an important effect on the final ice shape, especially for very large droplets.
Source: Aerospace
Authors: Serkan Özgen, Eda Bahar Sarıbel
Institution: Middle East Technical University
Language: English
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,728
Award: G823340567
OpenAlex ID: W4402919095