Contrasting Effects of an Atherogenic Diet and High-Protein/Unsaturated Fatty Acids Diet on the Accelerated Aging Mouse Model SAMP8 Phenotype
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Background/Objectives: Aging has been extensively studied, with a growing interest in memory impairment by a neurobiological approach. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging, contributing to the aging phenotype; therefore, mitochondrial interventions seem fundamental. The diet is a physiological approximation for modifying mitochondria, which could impact the age-related phenotype. Methods: We studied two diets with low-carbohydrate and high-fat compositions, differing in the amount of protein and the fat type disposable—the atherogenic diet Cocoa (high protein/high saturated fat/high cholesterol) and the South Beach diet (very high-protein/high-unsaturated fat)—on oxidative stress, mitochondrial state, and hippocampus-dependent memory in 3-month-old Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Model (SAMP8) seed over 3 months to determine their pro- or anti-aging effects. Results: Despite its bad reputation, the Cocoa diet reduces the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content without impacting the energy state and hippocampus-dependent spatial acuity. In contrast to the beneficial impact proposed for the South Beach diet, it induced a pro-aging phenotype, increasing oxidative damage and the levels of NR2B subunit of the NMDA, impairing energy and spatial acuity. Surprisingly, despite the negative changes observed with both diets, this led to subtle memory impairment, suggesting the activation of compensatory mechanisms preventing more severe cognitive decline. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that diets usually considered good could be detrimental to the onset of aging. Also, probably due to the brain plasticity of non-aged animals, they compensate for the damage, preventing a more aggravated phenotype. Nevertheless, these silent changes could predispose or increase the risk of suffering pathologies at advanced age.
Source: Neurology International
Institutions: San Sebastián University, Fundación Ciencia and Vida
Language: English
Subfield: Aging
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,819
Awards: G239980504, PHOSPHORYLATED TAU IN THE SYNAPTIC MITOCHONDRIA AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT DURING AGING, FEEDING REGULATES THE EXPRESSION AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL FUNCTION OF MECP2 IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS THROUGH THE ANOREXIGENIC HORMONES LEPTIN AND GLP1 AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ALTER THIS REGULATION, G3008364069, G3580363680, THE ROLE OF MECP2 AS A CRITICAL REGULATOR OF AN EPIGENETIC FEEDBACK SYSTEM IN THE ARCUATE NUCLEUS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF BODY WEIGHT, G391823629, G6020699964, LONP1-MEDIATED DEGRADATION OF PHOSPHORYLATED TAU INSIDE SYNAPTIC MITOCHONDRIA AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO HIPPOCAMPAL MEMORY LOSS DURING AGING, G6822879966, UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS THAT LEAD TO IMPROVED HIPPOCAMPAL FUNCTION IN AGING AFTER RED630-LIGHT-TRANSCRANIAL LED THERAPY MITOCHONDRIA AT THE SYNAPSES AND SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY, CENTRO CIENTIFICO TECNOLOGICO DE EXCELENCIA CIENCIA & VIDA (CIENCIA & VIDA), G8745517063
OpenAlex ID: W4402922986